0 7 ^ '
it^
ILLUSTRATIONS
OF
TYPICAL SPECIMENS
OF
LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA
IN
THE COLLECTION
OF
THE BRITISH MUSEUM.
Pakt VI.— By ARTHUR GARDINER BUTLER.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
1886.
FLAMMAM.
ritlNTED BY TATT.OR AND FRANCIS.
RED LIOX COIRT, FLEET STREET.
■G
PREFACE.
The Types of Indian Moths illustrated in the present part are derived from
the same collections, and belong to the same districts of the Indian Fauna, as
those described and figured in the preceding part of this work. With regard
to the species stated to have been collected by Stainsforth in Silhet, Mr. Butler
observes that, " as some doubt was some time ago cast upon the correctness
of the locality, it is interesting to note that the majority of the Lepidoptera
collected by that gentleman have since been rediscovered in Assam and
Darjiling."
ALBERT GUNTHER,
Keeper of the Department of Zoology.
British Museum N. H., January 12, 18S6.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
LIPAEID^E.
OLENE, Hiibn.
lanceolata, Walk. . . . Silhet . . .
LASIOCAMPID^E.
LEBEDA, Walk.
repanda, Wall: . . . Nepal, Silbet .
STTANA, Walk.
bimaoulata, Wall: . . Silhet, Java
LIMACODIDiE.
SCOPELODES, Westiv.
testacea, Bull. .... Silhet, Houlmein
soricea, Butl Darjiling
ursina, Butl Darjiling, Silhet
PHOCODERMA, Butl.
velutina, Koll Darjiling
MIRESA, Walk.
bracteata, Butl. . . . Darjiling . .
decedens, Wall: . . . North India
SUSICA, Wall:
pallida, Wall- Nepal . . .
PARASA, Wall:
repanda, Wall: . . . North India
pastoralis, Butl. . . . Bhotan . . .
bicolor, Walk. . . . North India
p. 1, PI. CVI. f. 6.
p. 2, PI. CI. ff. 1, 2.
p. 2, PI. CI. ff. 3, 4.
p. 3, PI. CI. f. 5.
p. 3, PI. CI. f. 6.
p. 3, PI. CI. ff. 7, 8.
p. 4, PI. CII. f. 1.
p. 5, PI. CII. f. 2.
p. 5, PI. CII. f. 3.
p. 6, PI. CII. f. 4.
p. 6, PI. CII. f. 5.
p. 6, PI. CII. f. 9.
p. 7, PL CII. f. 11.
VI
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
NEOMIRESA, Butl.
herbifera, Walk: .
NATADA, Walk.
rufeseens, Walk: .
CANIA, Walk.
sericea, Walk: . .
Nopal
. . North India
North India
APHENDALA, Wall:
transversata, Walk:
PHALERID.E.
PHALERA, Hiibn.
raya, Moore .
parivala, Moore
arenosa, Butl. .
sangana, Moore
stigmigera, Butl.
GARGETTA, Walk.
costigcra, Walk: .
CALLENIA, Ilubn.
elongata, Butl.
MENAPIA, Walk.
xanthophila, Walk.
ANTHEUA, Walk.
discalis, Walk. . .
ZANA, Walk.
lignosa, Walk. . .
RAMESA, Walk.
tosta, Walk: . .
. . North India
Darjiling ....
Darjiling ....
Darjiling ....
Darjiling ....
Bhotan
Darjiling
Darjiling
North India
North India, Moulmoin, &c.
North India
North India ....
HYPERiESCHRA, Bull.
pallida, Butl.
NYCTEOLID..E.
EARIAS, IL-Sch.
i'rondosana, Walk.
Darjiling
North India
p. 7, PL CII. f. 6.
p. 7, PL CII. f. 10.
p. 8, PL CII. f. 7.
p. 8, PL CII. f. 8.
p. 8, pi. cm, f. 1.
p. 9, PL CHI. f. 2.
p. 9, PL CHI. f. 3.
p. 10, PL CHI. f. 4.
p. io, pi. cm, f. 5.
p. 11, PL CHI. f. 6.
p. 11, PL CHI. f. 7.
p. 12, PL CIY. f. 1.
p. 12, PL CIY. ff. 2, 3.
p. 13, PL CIV. f. 4.
p. 13, PL CIV. f. 5.
p. 13, PL CIV. f. 0.
p. 14, Pl.CV. f. 1.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
vi l
TYANA, Walk.
callicldora, Wall-. .
speculatrix, Butl. .
chloroleuca, Walk.
pustulifera, Wall:
lancina, Bull. . .
falcata, Walk. . .
Darjiling
Darjiling
. Darjiling
. Nepal . .
. Bhotan . .
. Darjiling
p. 14, PI. CV. ff. 2, 3.
p. 15, PI. CV. f. 4.
p. 15, PI. CV. ff. 5, G.
p. 16, PI. CV. f. 7.
p. 10, PL CV. f. 8.
p. 1G, PL CV. f. 9.
DREPANULIDjE.
CALLIDREPANA, Feld.
oehrea, Butl.
AGNIDRA, Moore.
specularia, Walk. .
usta, Butl. . . .
DREPANA, Schr.
specularis, Moore . .
AUZATA, Walk.
scmipavonaria, Walk.
MACROCILIX, Butl.
mysticata, Walk. . .
CERURIDiE.
HARPYIA, Eiibn.
liturata, Walk. . .
BOMBYCID.E.
PRISMOSTICTA, Butl.
fenestrata, Butl. . .
NOTODOXTID^:.
SOMERA, Walk.
viridifusca, Walk. . .
NAD AT A, Walk.
niveiceps, Walk. . .
PORSICA, Walk.
ingens, Walk. . . .
Darjiling p. 17, PL CV. f. 10.
Darjiling p. 17, PL CV. ff. 11, 12.
Darjiling p. 17, PI. CVI. f. 2.
Darjiling, Ceylon p. 18, PL CVI. f. 3.
North India p. 18, PL CVI. f. 1.
Darjiling p. 19, PI. CVI. f. 4.
Silhet p. 19, PI. CVI. f. 7.
Darjiling p. 20, PL CVI. f. 5.
Silhet, Darjiling p. 20, PL CIV. f. 7.
North India p. 21, PL CIV. f. 8.
Silhet, Darjiling p. 21, PL CIV. f. 9.
Vlll
BESAIA, Walk.
rubiginea, Walk. .
OSSONOBA, Walk.
torpida, Wall: . .
TARSOLEPIS, Bull.
fulgurifeia, Walk.
DAMATA, Wall:
longipennis, Wall:
ICHTHYURA, Uiibn.
argcntca, Bull. . .
LOPHOPTERYX, Steph.
saturata, Walk.
CALPE, Tn it.
orthograpta, Bud. .
CYPHANTA, Walk.
xanthochlora, Wall:
0R.ESIA, Guen.
emarginata, Fabr. .
GADERA, Walk.
incitans, Wall:
CAUEINyE, Moore.
DABARITA, Walk.
subtilis, Wall: . .
SYBRIDA, Walk.
inordinata, Walk. .
ZENZERID^E.
ZENZERA, Lair.
pusilla, Walk. . .
conferta, Walk.
leucouola, Walk. .
DUOMITUS, Butt.
ligncus, Bud. . .
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
. India p. 22, PI. CIY. f. 10.
. Darjiliug p. 22. PI. CVI. f. 8.
. North India? p. 23, PL CVI. f. 9.
. Darjiliug p. 24, PL CVI. f. 10.
. Darjiling p. 24, PL CII. f. 12.
. Darjiling p. 25, PL CVII. f. 1.
. Darjiling p. 25, PL CVII. f. 2.
. Darjiling . . . . . . . p. 25, PL CVII. f. 3.
. Darjiling, Silhet, &c p. 2G, PL CVII. f. 4.
. North India ? p. 27, PL CVII. f. 5.
. North India, Java p. 27, PL CVII. ff. 6, 7.
. Darjiliug p. 28, PL CVII. f. 8.
. North India p. 28, PL CVII. f. 0.
. Silhet p. 2S, PL CVII. f. 10.
. Silhet, Darjiliug, &c p. 28, PL CVIII. ff. 1, 2.
. Darjiling, Nias p. 20, PL CVIII. f. 3.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
IX
HEPIALID.E.
HEPIALUS, Fair.
marcidus, Bud.
pauperatus, Walk,
PHASSUS, Walk.
aboe, Moore
signifor, Walk.
clamor, Moore .
CYHATOPHORID.E.
THYATIRA, Ui,hn.
florens, Walk. . .
florescens, Walk. .
LEUCANIIDiE.
LEUCANIA, Ochg.
decissima, Walk. .
hamifera, Walk. .
APAMIID.E.
PRODENIA, Ouen.
infecta, Walk. .
glaucistriga, Walk.
NOCTUTDjE.
EPILECTA, Huhn.
semiherbida, Walk.
ACONTIIDJS.
LEOCYMA, Gum.
c}'gnus, Walk. .
ACONTIA, Ochs.
judicata, Walk.
plusiid^e.
PLUSIA, Ochs.
ciliaris, Walk. .
nigrisigna, Walk. .
HOMOPTERIILE.
BRIARDA, Walk.
deeens, Walk. . .
precedens, Walk. .
Darjiling p. 29, PI. CVTI1. 11. 1.
Darjiliug p. 30, PL CVLTI. ff. 6,
Darjiling ." p. 30, PL C1X. f. 1.
Silhefc p. 30, PL CIX. f. 2.
Darjiling p. 31, PL CIX. f. 3.
Darjiling p. 31, PI. CIX. f. 4.
Darjiling p. 32, PL CIX. f. 5.
Darjiling . . .
North India, Borneo
North India, &c. .
North India, &e. .
p. 32, PL CIX. f. (i.
p. 33, PL CIX. f. 7.
p. 33, PL CIX. f. 8.
p. 34, PL CIX. f. 9.
Darjiling .
... p. 34, PI, CX. f. 1.
North India p. 35, PL CX. f. 3.
North India p. 35, PL CX. f. 2.
Nepal p. 36, PL CX. f. 5.
North India p. 30, PL CX. f. 4.
North India, Ceylon . .
North India, Ceylon, &c.
p. 37, PL CX. f. 6.
p. 37, PL CX. f. 7.
b
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
CATEPHILCLE.
ARCTE, Koll.
uigrescens, Butl.
Darjiling
p. 38, PI. CX. f. 8.
CATOCALIDJE.
CATOCALA, Odhs.
prolifiea. Walk.
concubia, Walk.
unieuba, Walk.
sponsalis, Wall-.
North India
North India
North India
Nepal . .
p. 38, PL CX. f. 9.
p. 39, PL CX. f. 10.
p. 39, PL CX. f. 11.
p. 39, PL CXI. f. 1.
EREBIDJE.
SYPNA, Gain.
mormoides, Butl.
umbi'osa, Bat?. .
coelisparsa, Walk
pulchra, Butl. .
apicalis, Butl. .
tenebrosa, Butl.
lucilla, Butl.
obscurata, Butl.
albilinca, Walk.
moorei, Ball. .
Darjiling
Shillong, Assam
Assam ....
Darjiling . . .
Darjiling
Darjiling . . .
Darjiling
Shillong and Darjiling
Silhet ....
Shillong, Assam .
p. 40, PL
p. 41, PL
p. 41, PL
p. 41, PL
p. 42, PL
p. 42, PL
p. 43, PL
p. 43, PL
p. 44, PL
p. 44, PL
CXI. f. 2.
CXI. f. 3.
CXI. f. 4.
CXI. f. 5.
CXI. f. 6
CXI. f. 7.
CXI. f. 8.
CXI. f. 9.
CXII. f. 1.
CXII. f. 2.
OMMATOPHOEIDiE.
NYCTIPAO, Hilbn.
exterior, Walk.
glaucopis, Walk, .
OPHIUSIDJE.
OPHIUSA, Quia.
conficiens, Walk. .
properata, Wall: .
FOCILLIIU'.
AMPHIGONIA, Ghten.
comprimens, Walk.
THERXIESlllUv
THERMESIA, Hribn.
creberrima, Walk.
Silhet, Darjiling, &c p. 45, PL CXII. f. 3.
Silhet p. 45, PL CXII. f. 4.
North India p. 45, PL CXII. f. 5.
Darjiling p. 4ii, PL CXII. f. 0.
Silhet p. 46, PL CXII. f. 7.
Silhet p. 47, PL CXII. f. S.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XI
EROSIIDiE.
EROSIA, Giten.
himala, Biith
ErscnEiriD^;.
CELERENA, Wall:
divisa, Walk. .
EUSCHEMA, Eubn.
proba, Butl.
Darjiling
Silhet
PAN-ETHIA, Own.
iridicolor, Butl.
URAPTERYGIDJE.
URAPTERYX, Leach.
prinrularis, Butl. .
scitieaudaria, Walk.
clara, Butl. .
Borneo and Darjiling .
Darjiling . . . .
Nepal, Darjiling
North India
N.E. Himalayas
p. 47, PI. CXII. f. 9.
p. 48, PI. CXII I. f. 1.
p. 48, PI. CXHI. f. 2.
p. 40, PI. CXIII. f. 3.
p. 40, PL CXIII. f. 4.
p. 50, PL CXIII. f. 5.
p. 50, PL CXIII. f. (I.
THINOPTERYX, Butl.
nebulosa, Butl.
ENNOMID.E.
EPIONE, Dup.
gynoptoridia, Butl.
ENDROPIA, Guc„.
lugens, Butl.
GAR.EUS, Moore.
cruentatus, Butl. .
costatus, Butl. . .
East India, Silhet
N.E. Himalayas .
Darjiling
N.E. Himalayas
Darjiling . .
p. 51, PL CXIII. f. 8.
p. 51, PL CXIV. f. 1.
p. 52, PL CXIV. f. 2.
p. 52, PL CXIV. f. 3.
p. 53, PL CXIV. f. -1.
0RS0N0BA, Walk
pallida, Butl.
RUMIA, Dup.
sulphurea, Butl. .
OXYDIID.E.
LITBADA, Walk.
sericaria, Wall:
METOXYDIA, Butl.
calamina, Butl.
N.E. Himalayas
Darjiling . .
p. 53, PL CXIV. f. 5.
p. 54, PL CXIV. f. (!.
Silhet
p. 54, PL CXIII. f. 7.
Darjiling
p. 55, PL CXIV. f. 7.
12
Xll
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
ELLOPIA, Trek.
pulchra, Butt N.E. Himalayas
p. 56, PI. CXIV. f. 8.
OMIZA, Walk.
pachiaria, Walk. . . . Darjiling p. 50, PL CXIV. ff. 9, 10.
PHCENIX, Butl.
iris, Butl Darjiling p. 57, PL CXIV. f. 11.
(ENOCHROMIID.E.
DECETIA, Walk.
arenosa, Butl. . .
rufifrontata, Walk.
SARCINODES, Ouen.
debitaria, Walk. .
restitutaria, Walk.
var. aegrota, Butl. .
sequilinearia, Walk.
N.E. Himalayas .
Darjiling
p. 58, PL CXIII. f. 9.
p. 58, PL CXIII. f. 10.
Darjiling p. 59, PL CXIV. f. 12.
Darjiling p. 59, PL CXV. ff. 1, 2.
Darjiling p. 60, PL CXV. ff. 3, 4.
Silhet and Darjiling . . . . p. 60, PL CXV. ff. 5, 0.
AMPIIIDASHLE.
AMPHIDASYS, Treit.
contectaria, Walk.
CH0R0DNA, Walk.
metaphsearia, Walk.
erebusaria, Walk. .
HEMEROPHILA, Steph.
virescens, Butl.
Darjiling p. 60, PL CXV. f. 7.
Darjiling p. 61, PL CXV. f. 8.
Darjiling p. 62, PL CXV. f. 9.
Darjiling p. 62, PL CXVI. f. 1.
BOAEMIID^E.
HYPOCHROMA, Guen.
crocina, Bull. .
vigens, Butl. . . .
muscicoloraria, Walk.
BOARMIA, Treit.
pluraalis, Butl. . . .
OPHTHALMODES, Ghdn.
infusaria, Walk. . .
ELPHOS, <:,»„.
pardicclata, Walk.
Darjiling p. 63, PL CXVI. f. 2.
Darjiling p. 63, PL CXVI. f. 3.
Darjiling p. 64, PL CXVI. f. 4.
Darjiling
Sillu't
p. 64, PI. CXVI. t 5.
p. 65, PI. CXVI. f. 6.
India .
p. 05, PL CXVI. f. 7.
SYSTEMATIC 1X1) EX.
xm
GNOPHOS, Treit.
obtoctaria, Walk.
ocreus, Butl.
muacosaria, Wall.
ARGIDAVA, Walk.
punctata, Butl.
. Darjiling, Nopal p. 66, PI. CXVI. f. 8.
. Darjiling p. 66, PI. CXVI. f. 9.
. Darjiling p. 66, PI. CXVI. f. 10.
. Darjiling p. 67, PI. CXVII. f. 1.
GEOMETRID^E.
TANAORHINUS, Butl.
viridiluteatus, WalJc.
diniissus, Walk.
reciprocatus. Walk.
Darjiling p. G7, PI. CXVII. f. 2.
North India p. 68, PI. CXVII. f. 3.
Darjiling p. 68, PI. CXVII. f. 4.
LOXOCHILA, Butl.
smaragdus, Butl.
GEOMETKA, Gum.
grata, Butl. .
haliaria, Wall,-.
N.E. Himalayas
Darjiling
Darjiling
p. 69, PL CXVII. f. 5.
p. 69, PI. CXVII. f. 6.
p. 70, PI. CXVII. f. 7.
THALASSODES, Guen.
distinctaria, Walk.
opalina, Butl. . .
North India
Darjiling, &c.
p. 70, PI. CXVII. f. S.
p. 70, PL CXVII. f. 9.
THALERA, Eubn.
textilis, Butl.
Darjiling
. p. 71, PL CXVII. f. 10.
COMIB-ffiNA, Hubn.
partita, Walk. .
pictipennis, Bull.
India p. 71, PL CXVII. f. 11.
Darjiling p. 72, PL CXVII. f. 12.
CHLORODES, Guen.
pastor, Butl.
Darjiling p. 73, PL CXVII. f. 13.
AGATHIA, Guen.
scutuligera, Butl. .
beata, Butl. . . .
visenda, Butl. . .
Darjiling p. 73, PL CXVIII. f. 1.
Darjiling p. 74, PL CXVIII. f. 2.
Darjiling p. 74, PL CXVIII. f. 3.
EPHYRlDyE.
SYNEGIA, Guen.
inlixaria, Wall-.
Darjiling
. p. 75, PL CXVIII. f. 4.
XIV
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
ANISODES, Guen.
hyriaria, Wall-.
lidderdalii, Butl. .
punctifera, ButJ. .
pliiristriaria. Walk.
. Darjiling
Darjiling
. Darjiling
. Darjiling
p. 75, PL C'XVIII. f. 5.
p. 76, PI. C'XVIII. f. 6.
p. 70, PL CXVIII. f. 7.
p. 76, PI. CXVIII. f. S.
CABERIDiE.
MYRTETA, Wall:
planaria, Walk.
TELDENIA, Moore.
vestigiata, Bail.
Darjilina
Darjiling
p. 77, PL CXVIII. f. 9.
p. 77. PL CXVIII. f. 10.
MACAPJID.E.
MACARIA, Curt.
metagonaria, Walk.
xanthnnora. 11"<///-.
EVARZIA, Wall:
indica, Butl. . .
Darjiling
North India
Darjiling
p. 78, PL CXVIII. f. 11.
p. 78, PL CXVIII. f. 12.
p. 79. PL CXVIII. f. 13.
FIDOXIIDJE.
PLUTODES, Given.
transmutata, Walk,
discigera. Butl.
flaveseens, Butl.
exquisita, Butl.
subeaudata, Butl. .
PAGRASA, Walk.
rufesccns. Butl.
instabilata, Walk.
NOREIA, Walk.
serieea, Butl. . .
North India
India ....
N.E. Himalayas
Darjiling . .
Darjiling
Darjiling
Sillict. Java
p. 79, PL CXIX. f. 1.
p. 80, PI. CXIX. f. 2.
p. 80, PL CXIX. f. a.
p. 80, PL CXIX. f. 4.
p. 81, PL CXIX. f. 5.
p. 81, Pi. CXIX. f. 6.
p. 82, PL CXIX. f. 7.
N.E. Himalayas
p. 82, PL CXIX. f. S.
ZERENID^E.
ABRAXAS, Leach.
pnsilla. Butl. . .
ICTERODES, Butl.
con8persa, Hull.
consocia, Butl.
CALLABRAXAS, Butl.
amand i. Butl. .
Darjiling
Darjiling . .
N.E, Himalayas
p. 83, PL CXIX. f. 9.
p. 83, PL CXIX. f. 10.
p. 84, PI CXIX. f. 11.
. Darjiling p. 84, PI. CXIX. f. 12.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
w
VINDUSARA, Moore.
metuchromatn. Walk.
EREBOMORPHA, Walk.
fulguraria, Walk. .
LAKENTIIU.E.
SAURIS, Guru.
ignobilis, But!. . . .
LYGRANOA, Bull.
cinerea, Bull.
DOCIRAVA, Walk.
Eeqniliueata, Walk.
medmaria, Walk. .
CIDARIA, Treit.
fissisignis, Bull.
delecta, Butl. .
relata, Butl.
aurigena, Butl. .
aliena, Butl.
Darjiling p. 84, PI. CXX. f. 1.
Darjiling p. 85, PI. CXX. f. 2.
Darjiling p. 86, PI. CXX. f. 3.
Darjiling p. 80, PL CXX. f. 4.
North India p. SO, PI. CXX. f. 5.
Darjiling p. 87, PI. CXX. f. 6.
Darjiling . .
X.E. Himalayas
X.E. Himalayas
N.E. Himalayas
Ehotan . . .
p. 87, PI. CXX. f. 7.
p. 88, PI. CXX. f. 8.
p. 88, PI. CXX. f. 9.
p. 89, PI. CXX. f. 10.
p. 89, PL CXX. f. 11.
ILLUSTRATIONS
TYPE SPECIMENS
OF
LEPIDOPTERA IIETEROCERA.
liparid^i.
The following species was referred to the Notodontidae in consequence of the resemblance
of the female (to which sex the type belongs) to the species of Pheosia and other genera of
that family ; it has, however, recently been reared in Ceylon, and proves to be referable to
the Liparidte.
OLENE, Hiibn.
Olene lanceolata. (Plate CVI. fig. 6.)
Rilia lanceolata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. v. p. 1075. n. 1 (1855).
? . Primaries above dark brown, longitudinally and obliquely streaked with black and
whity brown; the costal border irregularly whity brown; a broad pale external border
tapering to apex, partly bounded internally by a whitish oblique streak, and enclosing an
irregular black-edged whitish stripe ; internal border, secondaries, and body whity brown :
thorax slightly darker than abdomen. Under surface whity brown, the central areas of the
wings slightly greyish and with dusky zigzag brown limitation towards apex : pectus greyish.
Expanse of wings 57 millim.
Silhet.
2 LASIOCAMPLD^.
LASIOCAMPIDJ3.
LEBEDA, Walk.
Lebeda repanda. (Plate CI. figs. 1 & 2.)
$ . Lebeda repanda (part.), Walker, Cat. Lep. Ret. vi. p. 1460. n. S (1S55).
J1 ? . Nearly allied to L. buddha of Lefebvre, but larger and of a duller darker colour
throughout ; the dark patch on the primaries of the male with a pale (but not white) spot
upon it; the greyish border of these wings very prominent: the secondaries of a smoky
chocolate-brown colour, with a well-defined greyish border bounded internally by a dusky
nebulous band : the under surface of a uniform dull chocolate-browu colour, with paler veins.
The female of a more uniform dull foxy red-brown colour than that sex of L. buddha ; the
belts across the primaries wider towards the costa, their pale borders only edged with a darker
line on one side ; the submarginal series of spots blackish and well defined : secondaries
crossed just beyond the middle by a paler band. Expanse of wings, g 55 millim., ? 84 milliiu.
cJ , Nepal ; ? , Silhet.
The " sexes " described by Walker are both females ; the female " variety " described
by him is that sex of L. buddha — L. plagiata, Walk.
SUANA, Walk,
Suana biinaculata. (Plate CI. figs. 3 & 4.)
cJ. Lebeda birnaculafa, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. vi. p. 1463. n. 13 (1855).
J . Primaries above deep ferruginous, crossed by about six more or less sinuated dusky
stripes; an ochreous subbasal patch between the first two; a triangular silver spot in the cell
between the third and fourth lines ; external border greyish, its inner edge irregularly zigzag,
and bounded by blackish and testaceous spots : secondaries dark purplish brown, paler at the
base : body and underside chocolate-brown. Expanse of wings 13 milliiu.
$ . Bright ferruginous red, with markings similar to those of the male, but the area
between the fourth and fifth stripes lilaeine greyish and the silver spot contracted, almost
comma-shaped ; a pale patch on the outer border above external angle. Wings below clay-
coloured, with dusky border ; the secondaries with an oblique ill-defined ferruginous streak
from the eosta, continued, less distinctly, as a narrow band across the wing. Expanse of
wings 13G millim.
<J , Silhet ; $ , Java.
Walker regarded the female as a variety of his Suana Ctrnpla, for which he described two
females as sexes, one of them being the Philippine representative of L. bimaculata, the other
(which must be regarded as typical S. ampla) being a form from Silhet, differing chiefly from
S. bimaculata in the absence, in both sexes, of the silver spot on the primaries, and in the
different intervals between the stripes on these wings.
SCOPELODES. 3
LIMACODIDtE.
SCOPELODES, Westw.
Scopelodes testacea. (Plato CI. fig. 5.)
Scopelodes uuicolor, Walker (nee Westuiood), Cat. Lep. Set. v. p. 11 04. n. 1 (1855).
Primaries and thorax shining brownish testaceous, the surface slightly undulating :
secondaries pale shining golden ochreous, with white-tipped fringe. Palpi grey, with white
subapical and black apical band; abdomen deep ochreous, with two or three dorsal black
tufts ; anal segment black. Expanse of wings 72 millim.
Silhet and Moulmein.
The Scopelodes uuicolor of Westwood is a smaller and perfectly distinct species from Java.
Scopelodes sericea. (Plate CI. fig. 6.)
Scopelodes sericea, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 63. n. 3 (1880).
Allied to S. testacea ; wings and body of the same general colour, but the primaries
brilliantly sericeous and crossed by three or four irregular indented lines, which (when viewed
obliquely) appear to be the margins of irregular reddish bauds ; the general colour above is
sandy yellow, the wings with a rust-red marginal line extending for a short distance into the
fringe ; fringe of secondaries brilliantly sericeous : the palpi, instead of being black and white
as in S. uuicolor, are reddish orange ; the abdomen is sericeous ochreous, with black caudal
tuft. The wings below have the costal and apical areas washed with blackish, upon which
the veins are ochreous; body as above. Expanse of wings 74 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale \ Sadler).
Allied to S. testacea, but differing in the more sericeous and apparently undulated
character of the primaries and the different form and coloration of the palpi.
Scopelodes ursina. (Plate CI. figs. 7 & 8.)
Primaries in both sexes sericeous bronzy reddish brown; fringe grey, silvery in the
male : secondaries of male sericeous smoky greyish brown ; the outer margin and base of
fringe golden reddish brown ; fringe tipped with whitish : thorax reddish brown ; abdomen
ochreous, with blackish dorsal tufts and anal segment. Secondaries of female testaceous, with
broad smoky greyish-brown external area crossed by testaceous veins ; margin and base of
fringe testaceous ; tips of fringe greyish: thorax dark reddish brown; palpi dull blood-red,
with white subapical and black apical band ; abdomen testaceous (apparently with blackish
dorsal tufts and anal segment) : on the under surface all the wings are coloured in the same
way as the secondaries are on the upper surface. Expanse of wings, g 53 millim., ? 57 millim.
cJ, Darjiling; J , Silhet.
n 2
4 LIMACODID^.
This species is evidently allied to S. vulpina of Moore, but differs entirely in the colora-
tion of the secondaries ; the female is somewhat like S. venosa, but differs in its superior size,
the redder coloration of the primaries and thorax, and the more restricted dark external area
of the secondaries.
PHOCODERMA, gen. nov.
Aspect of Neomiresa (N. nesea) , form of Parasa. Primaries broad, with nearly straight
costa, rounded apex, oblique slightly convex outer margin, passing gradually into the inner
margin, which is incurved towards the base ; thickly scaled, the discoidal ai-ea below clothed
with thick woolly hair; costal vein running to three fourths of costal margin; subcostal five-
branched, the first and second branches emitted before the end of the cell, the third and
fourth forking to apex at about one third the distance between the cell and outer margin, the
fifth emitted from below the vein and just beyond the cell ; discoeellulars irregularly inangled ;
upper radial emitted from about the middle of the discoeellulars, lower radial emitted close to
the third median branch; remaining veins as usual: secondaries subpyriform ; costal vein
not reaching the apex, forked near its extremity; subcostal with two branches, perfectly
normal ; discoeellulars very acutely inangled ; radial emitting a recurrent vein which almost
divides the cell into two unequal parts, the radial and median branches almost equidistant,
submedian and internal veins normal. Body very robust and covered with dense coarse
hair: palpi rather large, long, compressed, with the terminal joint short; antenna; of male
rather broadly bipectinated to beyond the middle, after which the pectinations are gradually
replaced by serrations : legs very robust ; the posterior tibiae clothed with dense long hair,
unequally quadrispinose : in the females all the legs are thickly clothed with hair to the end
of the tarsi.
Phocodenna velutina. (Plate CII. fig. 1.)
J. Gastropacha velutina, Kollar in HugeTs Kashmir, p. 473. n. 3.
cf. Natada rugosa, Walker, Cat. Lip. Eet. v. p. 1109. n. 2 (1855).
$ . Shining purplish brown, the basicostal half dark, its outer edge slightly undulated,
very oblique, inarched towards the apex, and followed by a submarginal arched line of the
same colour; the intermediate area enclosing two large dark nebulous patches; external
border greyish ; fringe dark brown : secondaries sericeous rufous-brown with darker Eringe :
body dark sericeous purplish brown. Under surface shining vinous-brown; anterior tibiae
with two silver hands. Expanse of wings 71 niillim.
cj, Sind?; J , Darjiling (IAdderdale) .
The locality of Walker's type is doubtless incorrect, the species being well known as a
N.E. -Himalayan form: it was said to have been collected by -Mr. Warwick, most of whose
Lepidoptera are entered in the register as from " Assam"; this is therefore, in all probability,
the true locality for the type of " Natada rugosa."
MIRESA.
MIRESA, Walk.
Miresa bracteata. (Plate CII. fig. 2.)
Miresa bracteata, Butler, Ann. <$• Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 04. n. 5 (1880).
Primaries -with the costal area olive-brown, washed with lilaciuc; intcrno-basal area
fulvous internally, gradually shading into ferruginous, and lastly into olivaceous towards the
median vein; the veins across it indicated by lilacine-grey scales ; a zigzag metallic silver
stripe from the subcostal vein near the apex to just below the middle of inner margin, the
inner angle of the zigzag stripe confluent with a large cuneiform patch of silver just below
the end of the cell; disk beyond the silver stripe olive-green, crossed by pale sericeous veins ;
external border dark red-brown, densely sprinkled with metallic plumbaginous scales; fringe
red-brown : secondaries of the male stramineous, slightly washed with dull rose-colour in
front ; of the female rosy brownish, with whitish veins and external border, stramineous
abdominal border, and ochraceous fringe: thorax bright chrome-yellow; antennae and
abdomen orange-yellow or bright ochreous. Under surface red-brown, with the internal
areas of the wings and tail (particularly the caudal tuft of the male) ochraceous; legs
chrome-yellow. Expanse of wings, <$ 36 millim., $ 40 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
Miresa decedens. (Plate CII. fig. 3.)
Miresa decedens, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. v. p. 1125. n. 4 (ISou).
Reddish clay-coloured : the primaries with the basieostal area darker, almost chocolate-
coloured, bounded by a slightly sinuous diffused stripe, which is followed by a few metallic
silvery scales; outer margin and fringe also dotted with metallic scales: secondaries
unicolorous, rather paler than the primaries: body dull sulphur-yellow, the antenna; dull
flesh-coloured; the head, collar, and abdomen washed with reddish testaceous; the tegulse
tipped with orange: under surface of wings becoming pale yellowish towards the outer
margins. Body below whitish; tibise dull rust-red in front, otherwise testaceous or white.
Expanse of wings 34 millim.
North India [James) .
The thorax is not striped, as described by Walker; the tegula of the left side has been
displaced, so that its orange tip is in the centre of the thorax; the right-hand tegula is.
however, in position, and shows its tip at the side: two of the "three slight luteous stripes,
partly luteous in front," are thus accounted for; the left-hand stripe was evidently supposed
to be rubbed off.
6 L1MAC0DIDJE.
SUSICA, Walk.
Susica pallida. (Plate CII. fig. 4.)
Susica pallida, Walker, Cat. Lq>. lid. v. p. 1114. n. 1 (1855).
Whity brown, sericeous : primaries speckled with dark brown and crossed in the middle
by an oblique stripe of the same colour, beyond which the ground-colour becomes very pale
stramineous; head and thorax whitish stramineous. Under surface pale testaceous, primaries
with greyish discoidal area. Expanse of wings 25 millim.
Nepal {Hurdwicke) .
The type is in a damaged condition ; it is possible that the intensity of the colouring
may have been lost, but the specimen does not appear to have faded.
PARASA, Walk.
Parasa repanda. (Plate CII. fig. 5.)
Neaera repanda, Walker, Cat. Lep. Ilet. v. p. 1141. n. 6 (1855).
Primaries above pea-green*; an externally bilobed basal dark chocolate-brown patch
edged with white; costal margin dark brown; external border chocolate-brown, bouuded
internally by a pure white stripe and sparsely irrorated with white; base of fringe pale:
secondaries sericeous Avhity brown, with broad diffused rufous-brown costal and external
borders : thorax pea-green, the palpi, frons, and antennae chocolate-brown ; abdomen rufous-
bi own. All the wings below stramineous, with broad rufous-brown borders (the primaries
probably greenish in fresh examples) : body below chocolate-brown, varied with black.
Expanse of wings 50 millim.
North India.
Parasa pastoralis. (Plate CII. fig. 9.)
Parasa pastoralis, Butler, Aim. $• Mag. JSrat. Hist. scr. 5, vol. vi. p. (i.'i. n. 1 ( 1880).
Primaries above with a large basal sandy-yellowish patch, crossed close to the base by a
zigzag red-brown line; a subbasal arched purplish-brown belt, spotted with green and not
quite reaching the costal or inner margins ; the whole ana between the latter and external area
bright emerald-green, forming an irregular belt constricted below the middle; external area
limited internally by a sinuous ferruginous line, sandy yellowish or testaceous, traversed by a
dentate- sinuate submarginal ferruginous line; fringe brownish : secondaries pale stramineous,
with pinky-brownish fringe : thorax bright green, the shoulders and a dorsal streak brown;
abdomen testaceous. Under surface of wings sordid sulphur-yellow, the borders slightly
* The type having faded, Walker described it as ■• Pole greenish yellow."
PAEASA. — NAT ADA. 7
tinted with stramineous; fringe brown: primaries with a ferruginous subcostal diffused
streak: body testaceous ; anterior coxse and femora ferruginous ; tibiae banded with purplish
brown. Expanse of wings 53 millim.
Bhotau (Lidclerdale) .
Parasa bicolor. (Plate CII. fig. 11.)
Neoera bicolor, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. v. p. 1142. n. 7 (1355).
Primaries above bright pea-green ; costal margin ochrcous ; an oval red-brown spot near
the base of the third median branch, and five or six others in an interrupted curved line
across the disk ; fringe externally whitish, tipped with purplish brown : thorax pea-green ;
abdomen and secondaries pale sericeous chocolate-brown. Under surface sericeous pale
chocolate-brown, the external areas of the wings still paler. Expanse of wings 31 millim.
North India.
NEOMIRESA, Bull.
(Nyssia, Herr.-Sch.*)
Neomiresa herbifera. (Plate CII. fig. G.)
Nyssia herbifera, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. v. p. 1136. n. 9 (1855).
Wings and abdomen dark chocolate-brown, but the primaries with the basal three
fourths paler and enclosing a diffused grass-green spot ; thorax grass-green : under surface
uniformly chocolate-brown. Expanse of wings 33 millim.
Nepal (Hardwicke).
NATADA, Walk.
Natada rufescens. (Plate CII. fig. 10.)
Natada rufescens, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. v. p. 1109. n. 1 (1855).
Primaries sericeous, copper-brown; basal third darker and bounded externally by a
nearly straight transverse blackish line ; a second ill-defined oblique zigzag line just beyond
the middle, a third submarginal distinct transverse line from the costa near the apex to
the outer margin near external angle ; fringe tipped with blackish : secondaries paler than
primaries with the exception of the fringe: head and antennae red-brown; thorax and
posterior margin of collar red; abdomen chocolate-brown, with a red dorsal stripe towards
the base. Under surface of wings and pectus pale cupreous brown ; venter chocolate-brown.
Expanse of wings 35 millim.
North India.
* In his Catalogue Walker adopted both Necera and Nyssia, whilst at the same time admitting in
a footnote his knowledge that they were preoccupied.
8 LBIACODIDJE.— PHALERID.E.
CANIA, Walk.
Cania sericea. (Plate CII. fig. 7.)
Cania sericea, Walker, Cat. Lep. Net. v. p. 1178. n. 1 (1855).
Sericeous : primaries above pale testaceous, with faiut cupreous reflections ; a large basal
patch, an oblique band beyond the middle and parallel to outer margin, and a diffused
external border pale reddish cupreous : secondaries pale stramineous : thorax greyish white,
the head and collar bright ochreous; abdomen pale stramineous. Under surface uniformly
ochreous. Expanse of wings 32 rnillim.
North India.
APHENDALA, Walk.
Aphendala transversata. (Plate CII. fig. 8.)
cJ . Aphendala transversata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Met. Suppl. ii. p. 495 (1865).
Pale brownish grey : primaries above sericeous, with a few scattered darker scales ; a
dark brown oblique line, bordered externally with pure white, across the basal third; a brown
spot on the second median interspace, and a straight dark-brown line bordered externally by
a diffused white band near the outer margin ; outer margin narrowly edged with brown ;
fringe brown, traversed by two pale stripes. Uuder surface uniform brownish grey, rather
darker than above. Expanse of wings 27 millim.
North India.
PHALERIDiE.
PHALERA, Hubn.
Phalera raya. (Plate CIII. fig. 1.)
Phalora raya, Moore, Cat. Lep. E.I. Comp. ii. p. 133. n. 980 (1858-59).
Primaries above silvery grey, sparsely irrorated with black scales, the base and costal two
fifths tinted with bronze-brown, excepting two spots in the discoidal cell; an interrupted
subbasal black line, a second at basal two sevenths, a third line formed of an angulatcd scries
of black lunules just before the external fourth; a few longitudinal black dashes between the
last line and the outer margin ; a Large subcuneiform costal reddish clay-coloured patch at
:i]ic\, its inner margin bounded by the lunular black line, its outer margin with a zigzag white
edge; fringe spotted with ferruginous; an oblique dusky patch at external angle, partly
bounded internally by the last lunule of the third black line: secondaries sericeous greyish
brown ; fringe white, spotted with ferruginous : thorax red-brown varied with blackish,
PHALEEA. 9
silvery grey at the sides; abdomen blackish, with white or whitish bands, but the basal two
thirds suffused with brownish ochrcous. Under surface white, clouded with grey; fringe
nearly as above: primaries with a suhmarginal undulated greyish suffusion bounding the
outer border, wdiieh is pure white, and traversed mar the margin by a series of depressed
triangular black spots and a marginal series of black lunulcs. Expanse of wings 70 millim.
Darjiling {Scklagentweit § Lidderdale) .
Phalera parivala. (Plate CIII. fig. 2.)
Phalera parivala, Moore, Cat. Lep. E.I. Gomp. ii. p. 43-f. n. 9S.'i ( L858-59).
Primaries above smoky brown, with faint indications of numerous parallel darker lunu-
latcd lines ; the base, the ordinary discoidal spots, and the external angle greyish white,
varied with darker greyish and black ; the interno-basal area blackish ; a fairly distinct
undulated brown stripe limiting the basal fourth ; apical patch (of the left-hand wing)
"1-shapedj with undulated edges, extending from the subcostal to the second median vein, its
inner border consisting of five confluent flesh-coloured lunate spots with whitish edges and
black internal border, the remainder olivaceous, with slender paler outer edge; beyond this
are four small olivaceous suhmarginal spots surrounded by wbitish scales ; fringe red, varied
with ochreous and white and spotted with black : secondaries smoky grey-brown, with a
slightly paler stripe beyond the middle, fringe white spotted with blackish : body testaceous,
the frons, borders of tegulae, and metathorax purplish brown; front of head and collar clear
stramineous; tcgulie greyish white; abdomen brownish, especially towards the base, and
banded with blackish grey. Primaries below smoky grey; a whitish costal spot at apical
fourtb ; a suhmarginal series of olivaceous spots, followed and partly bordered by white scales,
upon which are little black lunules which divide the white scales from a marginal series of
wdiite, yellow, and red — |-shaped markings; fringe beyond the marginal markings grey,
speckled with white and regularly spotted with black ; secondaries whity brown, with an
arched greyish stripe beyond the middle and a tapering grey band near outer margin ; fringe
white, spotted with blackish : body below blackish ; tarsi pale sandy whitish ; anal half of
venter pale testaceous, spotted with black at the sides; a ferruginous streak on each side of
the anal segment. Expanse of wings 84 millim,
Darjiling {Lidderdale).
Phalera arenosa. (Plate CIII. fig. 3.)
Phalera arenosa, Butler, Ann. 3f Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 66. n. 10 (18S0).
Allied to P. sangana, but the whole ground-colour of the internal half of primaries pale
sericeous sandy yellow, traversed by the ordinary undulated lines and spots, the costal half
much darker, varied with slaty grey in the centre and at apex, the discoidal spots well
defined; the secondaries greyer, with blacker external third ; the head yellowish instead of
c
10 PHALEEID^E.
snow-white ; the body black, with greyish lateral borders to the thorax, and greyish-white
bands across the abdominal segments ; anal segment pale cinereous. Primaries below
blackish, with the usual pale markings : secondaries sordid white, with an abbreviated,
oblique, crinkled, black stripe from the costa to the first median branch ; a dusky discal
nebula : pectus black ; the legs with greyish fringes ; venter sordid white, with lateral black
bands continued from above. Expanse of wings 87 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
Phalera sangana. (Plate CIII. fig. 4.)
Phalera sangana, Moore, Cat. Lep. E.I. Comp. p. 433. n. 981 (1858-59).
Primaries above smoky brown, a little paler at base and on the posterior half of external
area ; the whole surface crossed by numerous undulated darker lines ; tliscoidal spots indistinct,
pale testaceous with brown centres ; an interrupted black transverse line at basal fourth ; a
slender lunulated black line bounding the external area and forking from the third median
branch to the costa ; the area thus enclosed a little redder than the rest of the wing ; three or
four longitudinal reddish dashes beyond this area and a submarginal series of slender blackish
lunules; the usual dusky spot from external angle to first median branch : secondaries smoky
greyish brown, with darker external area ; fringe tipped with white : head snow-white
above ; the frons, palpi, and thorax dark smoky brown, with black transverse lines ; teguke
greyish; abdomen brown with blackish-grey bands, anal segment paler. Primaries below
smoky brown, varied with whity brown on apical area and with au interrupted submarginal
streak of the same colour : secondaries creamy whitish, with an elbowed blackish band from
before the middle of costa obliquely to beyond end of cell ; a greyish nebula towards outer
margin : body below whity brown, varied with creamy whitish. Expanse of wings 88
millim.
Darjiling.
Mr. Moore has omitted to describe the under surface of his new species — a practice
by which the identification of species is too often rendered almost impossible. In the
three species (P. arenosu, sangana, and stigmigera) here described, the banding of the under
surface of the secondaries is very dissimilar, whereas the pattern of the wings on the upper
surface is almost the same in all three.
Phalera stigmigera. (Plate CIII. fig. 5.)
Phalera stigmigera, Butler, Ann. fy May. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 66. n. 9 (18S0).
Nearly allied to P. sangana, but the primaries shorter, broader, with large whitish
reniform stigma ; the orbicular spot placed nearer to it and very indistinct ; the inner line of
the central belt single and more irregular, rather nearer to the base ; base of costa sprinkled
with white scales ; the external angle blackish, so that the spots which terminate the discal
GARGETTA — CALL^NIA. 11
stripe are somewhat obscured ; the suhmarginal lumilcs whitish : body darker, with whiter
anal segment and tuft. Under surface greyer, the blackish central fascia of the secondaries
starting just before the middle of costa, abruptly elbowed (or almost broken) at the costal vein
and thence running transversely to below the first median branch. Expanse of wings 80 niillim.
Bhotan (Lidderdale) .
GARGETTA, Walk.
Gargetta costigera. (Plate CIII. fig. 6.)
Gargetta costigera. Walker, Cat. Lep. Set. Supjal. ii. p. 455 (1865).
Primaries above testaceous, basal area to the middle clouded with slaty grey ; internal,
external, and apical fourth of costal borders blackish, densely irrorated with white; veins
blackish, speckled with white ; a narrow short black dash within the end of the cell ; traces of
two interrupted well-separated irregular lines before the middle; a widely arched series of
partly white-edged black dots upon the veins beyond the middle ; a submarginal and a
marginal series of white dots also upon the veins ; a slender marginal black line interrupted
by the white dots ; fringe tipped with greyish : secondaries smoky greyish brown, darker
towards apex, veins terminating in a marginal series of white dots; fringe whity brown,
spotted in the centre with darker brown : head and collar blackish brown, remainder of body
greyish brown. Wings below smoky brown, with the interno-basal area and two bands beyond
the middle paler, the inner band with a dentated blackish inner margin ; secondaries with a
narrow transverse blackish spot at the end of the cell : body below greyish brown. Expanse
of wings 53 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
The affinities of this singular genus can only be definitely ascertained by rearing the
larva; it, however, appears to have a good deal in common with Phalera.
CALL.ENIA, Hiibn.
Callsenia elongata. (Plate CIII. fig. 7.)
Calltenia elongata, Butler, Ann. 6f Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 67. n. 12 (1880).
Nearest to C. chamoniil/ce, the primaries considerably longer, of a dark cinereous
colourwashed in front with brown and with black markings as in C. chamomillce : secondaries
sordid semitransparcnt white, with blackish veins, the costal area broadly washed with pale
shining fuliginous brown ; a rather broad darker brown external border ; fringe white,
intersected by an interrupted blackish line : thorax grey ; the head blackish, a black crescent
on each side of the hood and only separated by the central terminal point of the same ;
centre of thorax dusky; abdomen whity brown, with dusky dorsal ridge, anus greyish.
c 2
12 PHALERIDjE.
Primaries below shining fuliginous brown ; secondaries white, with the costal and external
borders fuliginous : body below greyish brown. Expanse of wings 57 millim.
Darjiling (IAdderdale) .
MENAPIA, Walk.
Menapia xanthophila. (Plate CIV. fig. 1.)
Menapia xanthophila, Walk. Cat. Lep. Het. Svppl. ii. p. 402 (1865).
Primaries above bright, clear, golden ochre-yellow ; the radial veins, a rather broad
stripe from the base to the apex, five oblique series of small spots, and an abbreviated widely
zigzag streak between the fourth and fifth series bright orange-ferruginous : secondaries
pale purplish brown, with the costa and fringe pale testaceous : body testaceous ; the head and
prothorax washed with orange-ferruginous. Under surface pale ochreous, the discoidal
areas slightly suffused with brownish. Expanse of wings 56 millim.
North India.
The stripe on the primaries varies in depth of colour ; in some examples it is dark
brown ; the secondaries are also sometimes darker than in the type.
ANTHEUA, Walk.
Antheua discalis. (Plate CIV. figs. 2 & 3.)
Antheua discalis, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. iii. p. 707. n. 4 (1855).
£ . Primaries above clear creamy stramineous; two unequal brownish lilac spots at the
base of the median interspaces ; a marginal series of small lilac-brown spots ; fringe
testaceous : secondaries creamy white : thorax creamy ochreous, trashed at the back with
greyish ferruginous ; abdomen dull ferruginous, with the sides and last two segments dull
cream-coloured. Under surface clear cream-coloured ; pectus reddish ochraceous in front.
Expanse of wings 19 millim.
? . Altogether darker than the male, the primaries bright ochreous, sparsely dotted over
with dark ochreous, with a single black scale in the centre of each spot excepting towards the
base; spots on median interspaces larger than in the male, subconfluent ; marginal lunules
ferruginous, fringe greyish ferruginous : secondaries smoky greyish brown, whitish at the
base: head bright yellow; thorax and abdomen pale orange-ferruginous, the sides of tin-
abdomen white, with two scries of black spots ; anus white. Under surface of wings clay-
brown ; pectus ferruginous in front, venter whitish. Expanse of wings 17 millim.
North India, Moulmein, Burmah.
A very common and widely distributed species. The genus appears to me to belong to
the Phaleridse.
ZANA. — HYPER.ESCIIRA. 13
ZANA, Walker.
Zana lignosa. (Plate CIV. fig. 4.)
Zana lignosa, Walker, Cut. Lep. Het. vii. p. 1700 (1855).
Dingy whitish ; primaries slightly browner at the margins; a bronze-brown band
widening from base to apical half of outer margin, but interrupted from the end of the cell by
a deeply dentated patch of creamy white ; a black oblique line bounding the anterior edge of
the brown band from the apex to the cream-coloured patch, where it turns acutely inwards,
the base of the second and third median branches also black ; a marginal series of black-
edged pyramidal white spots, between which the external border is brown and black ; fringe
of secondaries spotted with black : centre of thorax tinted with testaceous ; abdomen dull
reddish ochreous, with whitish anal segment. Primaries below sericeous greyish white ;
secondaries white, with slightly yellowish borders ; fringes black-spotted : pectus greyish ;
venter creamy whitish, with a lateral series of black spots. Expanse of wings 55 millim.
North India [Copt. Boys).
RAMESA, Walk.
Ramesa tosta. (Plate CIV. fig. 15.)
Ramesa tosta, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. v. p. 1017. n. 1 (1855).
Primaries above ochreous ; costal border purplish slate-coloured, emitting two stripes
near the base, which pass through the radial interspaces to outer margin and are mottled
with white; internal border broadly clouded with brown; an arched discal scries of dark
brown dots ; a marginal series of black spots edged internally with white ; fringe grey :
secondaries pale smoky brown ; fringe whitish ; thorax rufous-brown* in front, greyish behind ;
abdomen whity brown. Under surface pale sericeous greyish brown ; pectus and legs darker
smoky brown. Expanse of wings 37 millim.
North India, probably Assam.
HYPER2ESCHRA, Bull.
Hyperseschra pallida. (Plate CIV. fig. 0.)
Hypeneschra pallida, Butler, Ann. ij- Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 05. n. 8 (18SU).
Whity bixwn ; primaries chalky white, sprinkled with brown towards the inner margin
and across the centre of the median interspaces; two irregularly zigzag widely divergent
black-brown lines representing the central belt and enclosing a large white reniform spot :
two longitudinal black streaks on the interno-median area from the base to the inner margin
of the central belt ; a black longitudinal streak, interrupted by the reniform spot, from the
inner line of the central belt to the middle of the disk, where it joins a brown streak on the
14 NYCTEOLID.E.
outer margin ; the costa near apex, a short dash beyond the top of the reniform spot, two
subapical streaks, and an apical dash blackish brown : thorax reddish brown, greyish in the
middle. Primaries and pectus on the under surface pale pinky brown : secondaries and venter
stramineous, the latter darker than the wings. Expanse of wings 57 millim.
Darjiliug {Lidderdale) .
NYCTEOLID^l.
EARIAS, Herr.-Sch.
Earias frondosana. (Plate CV. fig. 1.)
Earias? frondosana, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxvii. p. 204. n. 5 (1863).
Primaries above brilliant sericeous grass-green, crossed iu the middle by two subparallel
arched stripes of slightly darker green ; a third abbreviated stripe near to outer margin
towards the external angle : secondaries pearly greyish white, slightly brownish towards outer
margin and at base of fringe ; remainder of fringe, costa, and abdominal border pure white :
thorax green; abdomen whity brown. Under surface silvery white; costa and external area
of primaries and outer margin of secondaries suffused with cupreous ; fringe of primaries
greenish. Expanse of wings 21 millim.
North India.
TYANA, Walk.
Tyana callichlora. (Plate CV. figs. 2 & 3.)
$ . Tyana callichlora, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Suppl. v. p. 177*5 (1866).
3 . Primaries above emerald-green, reticulated with whitish ; base snow-white, edged
externally with dark blood-red ; margin of costa towards the base of the same colour ; costal
border and inner margin yellow ; a dark blood-red spot at origin of first median branch ;
a marginal series of six elongated snow-white spots, edged internally with dark blood-red ;
fringe yellow, rosy at base : secondaries sordid white, clearer at the borders : head snow-
white, with a red-brown band between the antenna;, which are dull rose-red witli white
edges to the joints; collar snow-white, with a red-brown line on each side in front; tegulae
snow-white, speckled behind with red-brown ; thorax green, with a red-brown-edged white
spot on each side at the back; abdomen whity brown. Under surface pure white. Expanse
of \\ ings 10 millim.
$ . Chiefly differs from the male in having a broad internally undulated sienna-red or
chocolate-coloured external border, with yellow inner edge on the primaries, and in its larger
and snow-white secondaries and abdomen. Expanse of wings 39-40 millim.
Darjiling {Atkinson &; Lidderdale).
TTANA. 15
The two examples associated under this name by Mr. Walker are not, as he supposed,
sexes of one species. Both are females, one of them being that sex of my T. speculatrix ;
curiously enough, the very considerable differences between the latter aud Walker's species
do not appear in the description.
Tyana speculatrix. (Plate CV. fig. 4.)
Tyana speculatrix, Butler, Ann. if Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 64. n. 6 (1880).
Primaries above bright green ; costal margin very slenderly lilacine grey ; a bright
saffron-yellow basal spot, on which are two red dots ; base of inner margin snow-white,
subbasal portion of the same margin yellowish, crossed by a dark red angular marking ;
centre of the wing occupied by an oblique patch composed of three circular spots, the first
and last stramineous with lake-red margins, the central one red sprinkled with ochraceous ;
fringe yellow at its base, excepting at apex (where it is dark red) yellowish externally :
secondaries snow-white, sericeous ; abdominal fringe of the male cream-coloured; front of
head and base of antennae rose-pink, vertex of head bright yellow ; collar and tegulse bright
yellow, margined in front with plum-colour ; thorax bright green ; abdomen (cream-coloured
in the male) with a basal red tuft just behind the thorax and between two snow-white
tufts ; antennas brown, annulated with white. Under surface sericeous white : primaries pale
greenish, yellowish towards the costal and external borders ; the central patch pinky white :
legs rosy in front; venter of the male cream-coloured. Expanse of wings, 6 38 millim.,
? 35 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale fy Atkinson).
Tyana chloroleuca. (Plate CV. figs. 5 & 6.)
Tyana chloroleuca, Walker, Cat. Lep. Met. Suppl. v. p. 1777 (18G6).
Primaries above grass-green ; a yellow and ferruginous spot at the base of the discoidal
cell; a white dash terminating in a small diffused yellow spot, sprinkled with chocolate-
brown scales, at base of inner margin ; costal margin brownish ; fringe yellow ; two red-
brown spots placed obliquely near the middle of the wing, in the female a faint brownish
diffused streak between these spots : secondaries white, larger and more silvery in the female
than iu the male : head, collar, and tegula? bright chrome-yellow, partly edged with orange-
ferruginous ; thorax green ; abdomen pearl-white. Wings below silvery white ; primaries
with the tints of the upper surface slightly visible in certain lights ; edge of costa brownish :
body below whity brown ; anterior legs and proximal half of middle tibiae tinted in front with
brownish flesh-colour. Expanse of wings, <J 36 millim., ? 31 millim.
Darjiling {Atkinson &; Lidderdale).
16 nycteolem:.
Tyana pustulifera. (Plate CV. fig. 7.)
Earias pustulifera, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Suppl. v. p. 1773 (186G).
cf . Primaries sea-green ; a conspicuous white spot bordered with blood-red at base ;
costal margin lilacine at base, but gradually changing to white towards apex ; a short white
streak terminating in a very indistinct reddish spot at base of inner margin ; edge of inner
margin creamy white ; fringe of outer margin yellow : secondaries dull white : head, collar,
and shoulders pale yellow, edged and divided by bright red lines ; remainder of tegula? and
thorax green ; abdomen brownish white. Under surface of wings silvery white ; primaries
slightly greenish: body below creamy white; front of anterior legs and proximal half of
middle tibia blood-red ; two yellow spots below the middle of the anterior tibiae. Expanse
of wings 41 millim.
Nepal (Hardivicke).
Tyana lancina. (Plate CY. fig. 8.)
Tyana lancina, Butler, Ann. <£ Mag. Nat. Ilist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. Go. n. 7 (18S0).
? . Wings as in T. speculatrix, excepting that there is no trace of the central patch on
the primaries ; head chrome-yellow, slightly pink in front, with a white band behind ; collar
and tegulce chrome-yellow, with orange anterior margin; thorax yellowish green ; abdomen
snow-white, with a bright orange tuft in the centre at base ; anal segment sordid white ;
antenna? pink. Primaries below sericeous gi'eenish white, with the costal border tinted with
pink ; fringe cream-coloured, with au orange dot at apex : secondaries sericeous snow-white :
body below cream-coloured; the anterior legs rosy-cupreous in front. Expanse of wings
38 millim.
Bhotan (Lidderdale) .
Tyana falcata. (Plate C\. fig. 9.)
Hylophila faleatn, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. So^pl. v. p. 1772 (18GG).
$ . Primaries above grass-green; costal margin purplish; fringe and outer margin pale
yellowish green ; a zigzag series of four red-brown dots in the middle of the wing :
secondaries pure white : head and thorax green; abdomen pearl-white ; palpi and antenna'
white, barred with red-brown. Under surface white, the wings purer and more silvery than
the body. Expanse of wings 31 millim.
Darjiling (Russe/f §• Lidderdale).
CALLIDREPANA. — AGNIDBA. 17
DREPANTJLLD^].
CALLIDREPANA, Feld.
Callidrepana ochrea. (Plate CV. fig. 10.)
$ . General size and coloration of Drepana hamula $ , which it greatly resembles,
though the ncuration of the primaries is quite dissimilar. Bright ochreous : primaries with
two silvery-white dots placed obliquely at the exti'emity of the discoidal cell ; an irregular
stripe, slightly darker than the ground-colour, beyond the middle; a sericeous lilacine-greyish
subcostal streak, widening towards apex, but only visible in. certain lights ; a darker lilacine-
grey marginal patch, bounded internally by two black spots, below apex ; a submarginal
scries of indistinct silvery spots enclosing minute blackish dots : secondaries with a silvery-
white dot at the extremity of the cell; an ill-defined arched series of slightly silvery lunules
beyond the middle and a submarginal series of silvery spots, some of which are faintly dotted
with black : body duller than the wings ; head red-brown. Under surface cream-coloured.
Expanse of wings 30 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
AGNIDRA, Moore.
Agnidra specularia. (Plate CV. figs. 11 & 12.)
Fascelina specularia, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. SttpjjL v. p. 1553 (1S6G).
<J ? . Wings reddish testaceous, clouded with chocolate-brown and tinted here and
there, but especially at the borders, with lilacine ; a large hyaline whitish patch divided by
red-brown veins iu the centre of each wing : body lihicine-grey, varied with reddish brown ;
the front of head and antenna? chocolate-coloured ; sides of abdomen clothed with testaceous
hair. Under surface ochreous; all the wings with a blackish spot at the end of the cell, the
hyaline patches ill-defined at the edge; a discal dark grey stripe, with a diffused patch of
the same colour, confluent upon the first median interspace; fringe greyish brown. Expanse
of wings 48 millim.
r? var. Ground- colour of wings sandy testaceous, darker cloudings greyish instead of
chocolate-brown ; primaries more acute than in type.
Darjiling (Russell §• Lidderdale).
Agnidra usta, sp. n. (Plate CVI. fig. 2.)
Allied to D. duplexa: wings above dull pale sienna-reddish, crossed by numerous ill-
defined irregular greyish-brown lines ; external border and angle of primaries clouded with
the same colour; all the wings with a dark rounded slate-grey spot at the inferior angle of
i)
18 DREPANUL1D2E.
the discoidal cell ; a few greeuish-wliite scales in each of these spots : body a little paler than
the wings. Under surface sericeous sandy ochraceous, with a small rounded blackish spot
at the inferior angle of each discoidal cell ; primaries with the external area slightly dusky.
Expanse of wings 43 millim.
Darjiliug (Lidderdale).
DREPANA, Schr.
Drepana specularis. (Plate CV1. fig. 3.)
$ . Drepana specularis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 407; Lep. Ins. Ceylon, ii. p. 120, pi. 124. fig. 2.
J . Smaller than the female, the wings narrower and more produced, the primaries
decidedly more falcate ; all the markings, excepting the irregular patch across the centre of
the primaries, much more strongly defined. Expanse of wings 53 millim.
£ , Darjiling [Lidderdale) ; ? , Ceylon (Thwaites).
The female in the Museum collection has the apex of the primaries somewhat more
produced than in Mr. Moore's figure ; it measures 63 millim. in expanse.
AUZATA, Walk.
Auzata semipavonaria. (Plate CVI. fig. 1.)
Auzata semipavonaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. JJet. xxvi. p. 1(520 (18G2).
Chalky white; wings with two parallel irregular pale greyish-brown stripes across the
basal third ; two just beyond the middle, followed by a series of dots and two undulated
submarginal lines ; primaries with a P-shaped patch upon the disk interrupting the post-
median stripes, its upper part pale brown, with a •white line in front and with the veins across
it partly white, its lower part brown internally and black externally. Under surface sericeous,
white ; the subcostal area towards the base and the base of the costa pale brownish. Expanse
of wings 42 millim.
North India.
MACROCTLIX, gen. nov.
Allied to Arytjris. Wings more transparent; ncuration entirely different ; primaries
with four subcostal veins, but the first and second lying close together and emitted from
a short footstalk, which originates at some distance before flic end of the cell ; third
and fourth branches emitted from a long footstalk and forming a long fork to apex;
radials emitted as in Aryyris, but the discoccllular veinlets funning an angle instead of a
transverse line; second and third median branches well separated at their origins. Secon-
daries witli much longer abdominal margin and consequently more oblique outer margin ;
MACP0CIL1X.— IIARPYIA. 19
costal and subcostal veins running near together to some distance beyond the end of the cell,
but not anastomosed at their origins ; the costal vein separating abruptly from the first sub-
costal branch, so that to the naked eye it has the appearance of a forked vein ; second
subcostal vein quite straight j upper diseoeellular veinlet very long, with a short rectangular
elbow where it joins the subcostal vein; lowei diseoeellular short and nearly transverse ; the
radial and the second and third median branches nearly equidistant at their origins.
Macrocilix mysticata. (Plate CVI. fig. 4.)
Argyris mysticata, Walker, Cut. Lep. Uet. xxvi. p. 1617 (1802).
Semitransparent sericeous white ; wings crossed beyond the middle by an irregularly
formed band, expanding at the extremities of the discoidal cells and at the inner margins,
golden ochreous marked with silver at the wider parts, but pale smoky grey at the contracted
parts ; at the extremity of the cell of primaries the silvery marking is like a small i reversed,
thus — i ; beyond the cell of secondaries are three silver dashes, one of which is transverse ;
towards the abdominal margin of these wings the band is not only expanded, but curved
upwards along the margin almost to the base, and ornamented with metallic silver-white and
black ; it also passes downwards so as to enclose the anal angle (which is grey with darker
white-edged marginal spots) and extends along the outer border almost to the radial vein,
enclosing three submarginal black spots surmounted by lunules of the same colour ; external
area of primaries and upper half of secondaries traversed by two grey submarginal stripes
divided by white veins : head, collar, and front of tegulae snow-white ; back of tegulse bright
ochreous, remainder of body golden olive, varied with pearl-grey and white at the sides ;
thorax with a white dorsal line. Under surface pearly white at the sides; wings with a
smoky brown indication of the postmedian band and a submarginal series of dark grey spots
on a snow-white border; body chalky white. Expanse of wings 44 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderda/e, fyc).
CERUEID.E.
HARPYIA, Hiibn.
Harpyia liturata. (Plate CVI. fig. 7.)
Cerura liturata, Walker, Cat. Lep. lint. v. p. 988. n. 10 (1855).
$ . Primaries above silvery white ; a black-edged zigzag grey band from basal third of costa
to submedian vein or inner margin ; two black dots placed oblicpiely below the submedian vein
and a little nearer the base ; four blackish costal spots at nearly equal distances apart ; four
more or less lunate blackish markings in an arched series from above the median vein to the
middle of inner margin ; two or three black linear markings at the end of the cell ; a discal
n 2
20 BOMBYCID.E. — NOTODONTID.E.
series of lunules outlined in black across the disk, followed towards apex by an oblique irregular
blackish-edged grey stripe and below this by two or three linear black markings ; a marginal
series of black dots ; terminations of nervures blackish : secondaries with pale greyish-brown
broad external border, and parallel to and near its inner edge a stripe of the same colour ; veins
beyond the cell blackish ; fringe black, spotted with white : body greyish white, the thorax
and posterior half of abdomen spotted and barred with blackish and dark grey ; antennae with
blackish pectinations. Under surface white, clouded and banded with grey. Expanse of
wings 62 millim.
Silhet.
BOMBYCID.E.
PRISMOSTICTA, Bull.
Prismosticta fenestrata. (Plate CVI. fig. 5.)
Prismosticta fenestrata, Butler, Ann. <j- Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 68. n. 13 (18S0).
Clay-coloured, washed with olivaceous, the secondaries towards apex and anal angle washed
with red ; two continuous nearly approximated pairs of dark brown lines, the inner one of the
primaries incurved towards the costal margin, the outer one nearly straight and running to
apex, near which it forms an inner boundary to a triangular hyaline spot ; a dark brown
litura on the discocellulars ; primaries with the apical border chocolate-brown : body
testaceous, tinted with olive ; antennae whitish. Under surface fulvous ; the primaries with
the external half and the secondaries with the external border washed with orange ; markings
as above ; a greyish submarginal diffused stripe. Expanse of wings 48 millim.
Darjiling (Lidt/erdale).
NOTODONTID^.
This family as originally formed contained a mixed assemblage of genera referable to
three distinct groups — the Phaleridre (a group allied to the Lasiocampidfe), the Ccruridse (a
family allied to the Drepanulidse), and the true Notodontidce (which hold a middle position
between the Bombyecs and Noctuites) ; until quite recently no attempt has been made to
separate these families.
SOMERA, Walk.
Soniera viridifusca. (Plate CIV. fig. 7.)
Somera viridifusca, Walter, Cat. L.ji. II, t. iv. p. b:>2. u. 1 (1S55).
Primaries above grass-green, with a large patch in the middle and two or three ill-defined
smaller patches on the disk greyish brown ; eight dentated and zigzag blackish lines in pairs
NADATA. — P0B8ICA. 21
crossing the wings at irregular intervals ; a ninth less distinct line near the outer margin ; fringe
smoky brown, with three or four whitish ?pots on the apical half: secondaries smoky brown ;
abdominal border creamy whitish, clothed sparsely with brown hairs; costal border cream-
coloured ; fringe with whitish spots on apical half: thorax green, brown in the centre; a
curved streak on each side towards the back of the collar and a lunule on each shoulder
browu ; antennae brown, the base above white; abdomen brown. Under surface cream-
coloured ; the primaries, excepting at the base, along the costal margin, towards the outer
and inner borders, washed with brown, but most strongly in the discoidal cell ; front of palpi,
pectus, and anterior femora brown. Expanse of wings 57 millim.
Silhet (Aryetit) ; Darjiling (IAdderdale) .
The genus Somtra appears to belong to the same group as Stauropus.
NADATA, Walk.
Nadata niveiceps. (Plate CIV. fig. 8.)
Trabala niveiceps, Walker, Cat. Lep. Hit. Suppl. ii. p. 55-1 (1865).
Primaries flesh-coloured; a yellow-centred darker rounded spot at the end of the cell
and two slightly darker but indistinct bands beyond the cell, the outer one angulated ; a
slender ferruginous marginal line, fringe white : secondaries pale stramineous, the interno-
median area clothed towards the base wTith long ochreous hairs ; an irregular flesh-coloured
band beyond the cell, but not reaching the margins of the wing : head snow-white ; antenna;
ferruginous, white at base; pectus pinky white, the tegular, as usual, forming a prominent
crest, their edges flesh-brown ; abdomen ochreous, sides and anus white. Primaries below
with the basal half pale ochreous, becoming quite white at the base, and shading off into the
external half, which is of a pale pinky flesh-colour; a diffused rust-red stripe beyond the
middle : secondaries creamy white, with the outer and inner margins slightly ochreous : body
below white. Expanse of wings 101 millim.
North India.
Nearest to N. crista ta of Japan.
The larva of the allied N. gibbosa is figured by Abbot, who recognizes the moth as a true
Notodontid.
PORSICA, Walk*
Porsica ingens. (Plate CIV. fig. 9.)
Porsica ingens, Walker, Cat. Lej). Ilet. Suppl. v. p. 1823 (] SGG).
Primaries above testaceous ; the central belt indicated by two reversed dentate-sinuate
* Without rearing this genus it would be difficult to decide with certainty its natural position, but
in the structure of the antenna; it seems to agree best with members of the Notodontid®.
22 NOTODOXTID^E.
blackish-edged white stripes enclosing three blackish costal clashes; an outlined white lunule
at the end of the cell and two or three white-bordered blackish spots near the inner margin
and bounded on each side upon the costa by an irregular elongated blackish patch ; an
irregularly sinuated whitish and blackish stripe across the basal fourth, connected below the
cell with the inner border of the central belt by a blackish ^-shaped marking; an imperfect
white denticulated submarginal stripe, dividing a dark grey patch at external angle, which is
continued as a grey external border and bounded by this stripe internally as far upwards
as the lower radial vein ; a marginal series of partly white-edged black spots, not extending to
apex : secondaries grey, the basal half pale ; a sinuous marginal line and the fringe whity
brown : head and collar above black ; antenna} dark brown ; fringe of collar and remainder
of body above whity brown. Wings below brown, a darker line beyond the cell followed by
a broad darker discal belt, only separated from a dark external border by a narrow zigzag
stripe of the ground-colour : body below pale brown ; the front of pectus and venter and a
central stripe blackish. Expanse of wings 54-56 millim.
Silhet (Stainforth) ; Darjiling (Lidderdale).
BESAIA, Walk.
Besaia rubiginea. (Plate CIV. fig. 10.)
Iiusaia rubiginea, Walker, Cat. Lep. Met. Suppl. ii. p. 459 (1805).
Primaries above whitish ochrebus, clouded with grey beyond the middle and along the
external border ; basal half of the costal border marked with dark ferruginous dashes ; an
irregular zigzag ferruginous line (indistinct within the cell) across the basal third, its lower
part thickened, enclosing whitish dots and almost united, by a longitudinal streak of ferru-
ginous, to a trisinuated band of the same colour bounding the external area ; the streak
enclosing a whitish spot and the band a series of alternate ochrcous lunules and whitish
spots; four or live black marginal dots: secondaries and body greyish brown ; fringe and
anal extremity of abdomen pale. Under surface pale greyish brown; costal borders pale
buff j front of pectus blackish. Expanse of wings 5G millim.
India.
0SS0N0BA, Walk.
Ossonoba torpida. (Plate CVI. fig. 8.)
OsRonoba torpida, Walker, Cat. Lep. //•>. Suppl. v. p. L966 ( 1866).
Rufous-brown; primaries crossed by two grey-edged whitish lines, one across the basal
fourth, the other, which is slightly sinuous and oblique, jusl beyond the middle, its upper
extremity white and' acutely in-angled; between these two whitish lines, which represent the
TAESOLEPIS. 23
central belt, are an indistinct angnlated greyish line and a white discoidal dot; beyond and
parallel to the outer whitish line is an indistinct line paler than the ground-colour and
immediately followed in the centre of the disk by a trifid blackish spot; veins on the disk
whitish ; an oblique trifid apical blackish stripe ; a marginal series of blackish spots ; fringe
redder than the rest of the wing : secondaries with the basal half and abdominal border
whitish. Wings below of a more rosy tint than above, the base creamy white; an oblique
white dash just beyond the middle of the costa, indicating the commencement of the outer
whitish line of the upper surface ; a blackish nebula upon the disk : secondaries crossed by
three dusky lines, the central one alone sharply denned, blackish and zigzag ; a white dot at
the end of the cell ; abdominal boi-der broadly creamy white : body below flesh-colonrcd.
Expanse of wings 39 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale, tyc).
TARSOLEPIS, But/,.
Tarsolepis fulgurifera. (Plate CVI. fig. 9.)
Crino fulgurifera, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xiv. p. 1347. n. 4 (1S57).
Primaries with the base, costal and apical areas whity brown, clouded with grey ;
one or two irregular dark brown subbasal lines ; remainder of wing, with the exception of the
outer border, rich olive-brown, bounded in front upon the third median vein by an elongate
fusiform silver streak, and crossed in the centre by an oblique band, silvery white internally,
but whity brown from before its centre to its extremity near the external angle ; this band is
intersected by a brown stripe almost black towards the base, but becoming abruptly paler
before the middle, where an oblique blackish-edged pale line is emitted upwards to the median
vein ; a black streak is also enclosed in the pale baud towards its lower extremity, and between
it and the silver streak are several pale-bordered more or less blackish stripes ; at the interno-
basal angle of the dark-brown area is a tapering black stripe narrowly edged with whitish ;
the disk above the silver streak is ornamented with elongated hastate whitish streaks, partly
bordered with black, enclosing black stripes and alternated towards the outer border by dark
brown pyramidal streaks ; external border whitish internally, then with a stripe of bull',
followed by a dark-edged grey-brown stripe and a whitish marginal stripe ; the fringe buff-
coloured, tipped with white : secondaries with the basal half cream-coloured; a transverse
smoky brown spot at the end of the cell ; outer half dark fuliginous brown, with pale-
bordered elongated black marginal spots ; fringe cream-coloured : thorax pale brown, varied
with flesh-colour and grey and crossed by more or less curved black stripes ; abdomen cream-
coloured, banded with blackish. Under surface cream-coloured, clouded and streaked with
smoky brown : primaries with a marginal series of angular dark brown markings; secondaries
with a large black spot at the end of the cell and a marginal series of small black spots.
Expanse of wiugs 125 millim.
North India ?
24 NOTODOXTID.E.
DAMATA, Walk.
Damata longipennis. (Plate CVI. fig. 10.)
Damata longiprnuis, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. v. p. 1044. n. 1 (1855).
Primaries above silver, densely irrorated with black scales, but especially below the apex,
where tliey produce the effect of a broad oblique grey belt bouuded internally by an
irregularly sinuated silvery discal line ; this line is still further relieved on the costa and near
external angle by large irregular black patches; two other somewhat similar though larger
patches almost divide the wing at basal third ; at the end of the cell is a silvery crescent, from
which the black scales are absent; a marginal series of elongated black spots followed by
bright red on the fringe : secondaries seraitransparent white ; costal border blackish, inter-
rupted a little before the apex; veins grey; a margiaal black stripe, interrupted by whitish
dots at the extremities of the veins and followed by red on the fringe ; a large black spot at
anal angle and above it an oblique grey streak ; abdominal area opaque white: body smoky
brown, the bead and collar blackish; the tegulse white, with dark red internal fringe;
abdomen with a whitish stripe at the sides. Costal half of primaries below suffused with
brown ; markings less distinct than above ; costa with two white spots near the centre :
secondaries with three angular blackish markings from the costal margin to the subcostal
vein, in place of the blackish costal border of the upper surface : body below sandy brown,
darker in front than behind. Expanse of wings G9 millim.
Darjiling (Parry b; Lidderdale).
ICHTHYURA, Uiibn.
Ichthyura argentea, sp. n. (Plate CII. fig. 12.)
General pattern of the genus : primaries silvery white, with the costal area greyish ; a
large reniform subbasal patch, its upper lobe bright mahogany-red, its lower lobe partly
bright oehreous ; a very oblique purplish slate-coloured band from costa before the middle to
outer margin near external angle, interrupted within the cell by a large spot of dead-gold ;
the lower half of this band bounds the inferior margin of the usual large apical patch, which is
bright golden cupreous, internally edged and traversed by ferruginous lines and brassy yellow
externally, the one colour passing almost imperceptibly into the other; a few scattered
brown scales along the inner margin; fringe dusky towards external angle: secondaries
silvery whitish: head, collar, and base of abdomen white; thorax oehreous and red-brown j
abdomen grey-brown. Under surface white; primaries clouded with grey and pale yellow.
Expanse of wings 22 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
LOPHOPTERYX — CYPIIANTA. 25
LOPHOPTERYX, Steph.
Lopliopteryx saturata. (Plate CVII. fig. 1.)
Lophopteryx saturata, Walker, Cat. Lep, Het. Suppl. ii. p. 415 (18G5), v. p. 1029 (18G6).
Primaries above chocolate-brown, indistinctly and obliquely banded with grey; crossed
at base by a short 3-shapcd pale stripe with blackish margins, and the central area enclosed by
two very irregular oblique stripes of the same character ; rcuiform spot very oblique and
slightly paler than the ground-colour; a subapical series of irregularly placed black dashes;
fringes partly reddish and spotted with blackish at the extremities of the veins : secondaries
pale brown; an oblong black patch at anal angle, bounded internally by a brown-edged
whitish stripe and externally by the red-tipped grey fringe; palpi and collar greyish chocolate,
centre of thorax and top of head red ; abdomen smoky brown. Wings below pale smoky
brown without markings : body blackish. Expanse of wings 45 millim.
Darjiling [Atkinson, Russell, fy Lidderdale) .
CALPE, Treit.
Calpe orthograpta, sp. n. (Plate CVII. fig. 2.)
? . Coloration and general aspect of Caroia lycormas of the New World. Primaries
above shining bronze-brown, transversely striated with paler lines ; the basal area crossed by
two slightly divergent oblique olive-brown stripes, diffused internally, but with pale bordered
external edge; an elbowed stripe, similarly coloured, at the end of the cell, followed by two
abbreviated more or less sigmoidal markings; a sharply defined oblique dark purplish-brown
stripe edged externally with pinky white from inner margin beyond the lobe to apex ; an
interrupted ill-defined submarginal stripe upon which is a white spot ; outer margin towards
apex and apical fifth of costal border dark purplish brown ; fringe of the same colour, but
with a pale basal line dotted with white : secondaries pale smoky brown, with greyish external
border; fringe pale buff at base: body coloured similarly to the wings. Under surface
whity brown. Wings with spots at end of cells and a discal band greyish, confluent on the
primaries. Expanse of wings G3 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale) .
CYPHANTA, Walk.
Cyphanta xanthochlora. (Plate CVII. fig. 3.)
Cyphanta xanthochlora, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Suppl. iii. p. 856 (1865).
Primaries sea-green ; costa dull ochreous ; a black dot at the end of the cell ; an elbowed
pale band running from the base of the submedian vein to the inner border just beyond tl
26 NOTODONTTD^E.
middle, whence it turns obliquely upwards and crosses the wing to the costa near apex ; this
band is lilacine grey from the base to the elbow, from which iDoint it becomes pale brown
externally; it is bordered on each side throughout and intersected by blackish lines : secon-
daries clear ochreous : head pale brown, palpi testaceous ; collar green ; thorax and teguhe
blackish brown ; abdomen dull ochraceous. Under surface clear ochreous ; all the wings with
a black spot at the end of the cell and a brownish oblique streak across the disk ; femora and
tibiae of anterior legs clothed with dark brown hairs. Expanse of wings 69 millim.
Darjiling (Parry 6; Lidderdale) .
OK^SIA, Guen.
Oraesia emarginata. (Plate CVII. fig. 4.)
Noctua emarginata, Fabriehts, Ent. Syst. iii. 2, p. 240 (1793).
Oraesia emarginata, Guenee, Nod', ii. p. 303. n. 1203 (1852).
Ora?sia tentans, Walker, Cat. Lep. Ilet. xii. p. 045. n. 7 (1S57).
Primaries above rosy flesh-coloured ; the costal border crossed by numerous olivaceous
lunules, from some of which ferruginous and sinuated lines run across the wing j internal area
and basal half of median interspaces suffused with steel-grey ; a triangular patch of mahogany-
brown below the median vein ; three dark brown convergent lines from the sinuation of the
inner margin to apex, the central line straight, bounded externally by a silvery streak, the two
others irregularly undulated; the centre of the first median interspace (enclosed by the above-
mentioned lines) mahogany-brown ; the outermost of the three lines bounded externally by a
tapering golden ferruginous band commencing at external angle and intersected by an
undulated brown line ; a cuneiform mahogany-brown patch on upper half of outer margin ;
fringe pale stramineous, indistinctly spotted with grey-brown : secondaries pale smoky brown.
paler and sericeous on costa, with the veins and external border darker; fringe pale
st ramineous. Head and palpi ochreous, banded with vermilion ; collar of the same colours, but
with a lilacine greyish posterior border ; thorax pale brown, suffused with lilac ; abdomen
smoky brown ; primaries greyish, with the costal border and a diffused submarginal band
more or less reddish buff-coloured ; base whitish ; a transverse dusky line crossing the costal
border near apex : secondaries pale creamy buff; a discocellular lunule and a broad abbreviated
submarginal band grey ; pectus whitish ; venter pale salmon-red. Expanse of wings 40— 13
millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) ; Silhet (Stainsforth) ; Punjab, South India, Ceylon, Shanghai.
'1 lie type of O. tentans is only a brightly coloured specimen of O. emaryinata ; in form,
pattern, and size it exactly corresponds with that species.
G ADEEA.— DABAEITA. 2 /
GADERA, Walk.
Gadera incitans. (Plate CVII. fig. 5.)
Gadera incitans, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xii. p. 904. n. 1 (1857).
Primaries above metallic coppery golden, with the exception of a broad central oblique
belt and a somewhat cuneiform patch on upper half of external border, where the metallic
colouring is more or less obscured by dull ferruginous and lilac-grey ; two spots of tarnished
silver, the upper one triangular and much larger than the other, placed obliquely upon the
outer edge of the central belt : secondaries smoky brown, becoming darker at outer margin
and slightly glossed with pink : head and collar testaceous ; palpi greyish at the sides ; the
rest of the body above pale brown. Under surface uniformly smoky brown. Expanse of
wings -12 millim.
North India ?
CAREIN.E, Moore.
DABARITA. Walk.
Dabarita subtilis. (Plate CVII. figs. 6 & 7.)
Dabarita subtilis, Walker, Cat. Lep. Uet. x. p. 479. n. 1 (185G).
<J . Primaries deep flesh-pink, crossed at basal third by a slender oblique olive-brown
line ; two closely approximated blackish lines running transversely from apical fourth of
costa to external angle and bounded internally by a broad internally diffused tapering
olivaceous band; external border tinted with olivaceous : secondaries sericeous white, tinted
with reddish towards apex ; apical fringe brownish : thorax a little browner than the primaries ;
abdomen sordid white at the sides, brownish in the centre ; lateral anal tufts brown, tipped
with black ; primaries below silvery white, more or less suffused, excepting on costa and
interno-basal area, with sandy reddish and pink ; fringe tipped with black : secondaries snow-
white, with the apical area sandy reddish ; a black apical dot on the fringe ; pectus snow-
white ; anterior and middle pairs of legs dark brown above; venter flesh-coloured. Expanse
of wings 34 millim.
$ . Larger than the male ; markings of primaries less defined. Expanse of wings 3D
millim.
North India; Java (Horsfield).
e 2
28 NOTODONTLDJE— ZEXZERID.E.
SYBRIDA, Walk.
Sybrida inordinata. (Plate CVII. fig. 8.)
Sybrida inordinata, Waller, Cat. Lep. Het. Svppl. ii. p. 4G6 (1SG5).
Cupreous brown, with a slight tint of pink ; primaries crossed near the middle by two
white-bordered lines, widely separated on the costa, but converging and united below the first
median branch so as to form a large Y-shaped character; a golden brown discocellular litura :
secondaries greyish, excepting towards outer margin and on the costa, which is whitish ;
pectinations of antennae and thorax greyish. Under surface of a more rosy colour than above
all the wings crossed by a whitish-edged dark grey line. Expanse of wings 4 A millim.
Darjiling.
It is a curious fact that the inner line on the primaries was evidently entirely overlooked
by Walker. The genus is peculiar and its natural position 7imst remain doubtful until the
species has been bred.
ZENZERID^l.
ZENZERA, Latr.
Zenzera pusilla. (Plate CVII. fig. 9.)
Zeuzera (sic) pusilla, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. vii. p. 1538. n. 23 (1856).
Primaries sericeous brownish white ; the costal border and submedian area transversely
striated with black ; three black marginal dots near external angle : secondaries sordid white.
Body and under surface sordid silvery white ; markings of primaries below less defined than
above. Expanse of wings 26 millim.
North India.
Zenzera conferta. (Plate CVII. fig. 10.)
Zcuzora (sir) conferta, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. vii. p. 1530. n. 18 (1856).
? . Pinky white, spotted all over (excepting a patch at end of cell on primaries), in the
usual manner, with metallic green-black spots, which run into short striae on the disks of the
wings. Under surface less strongly marked than above. Expanse of wings To millim.
Silhet.
Zenzera leuconota. (Plate CVIII. figs. 1 & 2.)
Zenzera (sic) leuconota, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. vii. p. 1537. n. 20 (1856).
Wings above smoky greyish brown, reticulated with black and varied with dull white
patches as follows : — primaries with the internal and part of the external border broadly and
DUOMITUS.— HEP1ALUS. 29
irregularly white, the inner edge of the internal border being deeply and unevenly sinuatcd ;
the outer border interrupted by large marginal spots of the grouud-colour, which are confluent
above the third median branch, and completely divide it above the upper radial vein, the inner
edge of this border irregularly zigzag; female with a large subquadrate patch from about the
centre of the costa to the median vein ; a broad irregular and partly macular discal band and
a quadrate apical patch, interrupted by a costal spot and a marginal dot of the ground-colour :
secondaries with an irregular interrupted patch on the external border near the anal angle j
abdominal area and base not reticulated with black; head, collar, and front of thorax black,
tegulae and remainder of thorax white; abdomen greyish black. Undo urface of wings
brown, with the black reticulations less pronounced than above; the white markings confined
to the margins of the wings and the apex of primaries : body below black. Expanse of wings,
S 122 millim., ? 170 millim.
«J , Silhct (Stainsforth) ; $ .Darjiling (Lidderddle) ; ? , Ceylon (Templeton) .
This is one of the largest species in the family.
DUOMITUS, Butl.
Duonntus ligneus. (Plate CVIII. fig. 3.)
Duomitus ligneus, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5. vol. vi. p. G8. n. 14 (1880).
Pale sandy brown ; wings sparsely mottled with black, most densely on the external area
of primaries, where they form a series of ill-defined hastate streaks between the veins,
increasing in length towards the inner margin, and interrupted by white circular spots more
or less obscured by grey reticulations ; several indistinct black interncrvular streaks between
the subcostal branches; costal margin spotted with black: secondaries suffused with greyish
fuliginous, with reddish-brown veins ; fringe between the veins cream-coloured ; a few indis-
tinct, confused, submarginal whitish spots, similar to those on the external area of the primaries :
thorax whitish at the sides, in front, and along the centre, with black tufts behind the tegulse ;
abdomen with blackish sides (except upon the last two segments) and a dorsal longitudinal
blackish stripe; pectus black; tarsi sandy whitish; venter sandy yellowish. Wings below
pale sandy brown, the markings less distinct than above. Expanse of wings 106-114 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale); Nias (Schreiber).
HEPIALID J3. "
HEPIALUS, Fabr.
Hepialus marcidus. (Plate CVIII. figs. 4 & 5.)
Hepialus marcidus, Butler, Ann. <${ Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 69. n. 15 (1880).
Primaries above either pale buff or testaceous, mottled all over with greyish brown; a
30 HEPIALIDiE.
broad interrupted central belt, spotted with little transverse dashes of the ground-colour, and
with blackish spots across the centre, grey or greyish brown, sometimes becoming gravel-
yellow upon the inner margin (where it is broken up into three or four unequal spots); a
discal band, either grey or gravel-yellow, spotted in the centre with black ; margin grey,
sinuated internally : secondaries semitransparent greyish brown : body dark greyish brown,
with testaceous anus ; thorax sometimes reddish. Under surface greyish, the markings
obsolete. Expanse of wings, J 11 millim., 5 51 millim.
Darjiling [Ladder dale).
Hepialus pauperatus. (Plate CVIII. figs. G & 7.)
Hepialus pauperatus, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Suppl. ii. p. 593 (1865).
Upper surface smoky grey-brown ; the primaries darker than the secondaries, blotched
with creamy whitish along the inner border and at the base of the cell ; the male also varied
with ochraceous ; an irregular oblique cream-coloured band crossing the wing beyond the
middle, and enclosing the fourth of six parallel equidistant scries of small black-edged white
spots ; head and collar browner than the rest of the body. Under surface uniformly grey.
Expanse of wings, g I 1 millim., ? GO millim.
$ , Darjiling (Sadler); ?, India (Hearsey) .
PHASSUS, Walk.
Phassus aboe. (Plate CIX. fig. 1.)
Phassus aboe, Moore, Cat. Lep. E.I. Comp. ii. p. 437. n. 990 (1S59).
Dark fuliginous brown ; primaries with the basi-internal third greyish, bounded externally
by an oblique ill-defined cupreous-brown stripe ; remainder of the wing crossed by series of
m< irr or less oval cupreous-brown spots, the edges of which are embossed, and by two sub-
parallel pale embossed discal lines; a white dot at the inferior angle of the discoidal cell.
Under surface without markings; posterior tibiae with a tuft of yellow hair at" the base.
Expanse of wings 69 millim.
Darjiling.
Phassus signifer. (Plate CIX. fig. 2.)
Phassus signifer, Walker, Cat. Lep. lid. vii. p. 1508. n. 0 (1S56).
Primaries above pale golden brown, changing to greyish olivaceous in the cell and towards
the base ; the basi-internal area, an oblong patch in the cell, a broad forked discal band,
and a submarginal series of diffused patches silver-grey; the whole wing-surface ornamented
l'HASSUS. — THYATIRA. 31
with striae and small spots in outline of dark brown; an oblique tarnished silver dash at the
end of the cell ; costal border silver-grey, interrupted by nearly equidistant black-edged dark
brown oval spots: secondaries blackish, witli diffused brownish external border and costa, the
latter crossed by several dark striai : head and collar golden brown ; remainder of body above
darker. Primaries below dark rufous brown; the markings ill-defined, excepting upon the
costa: secondaries and body nearly as above. Expanse of wings 150 millim.
Silhet.
Phassus danior. (Plate CIX. fig. 3.)
Fhassus damor, Moore, Cut. hep. E.I. Com p. ii. p. 437. n. 989 (1859).
Primaries above sericeous grey, indistinctly striated with darker lines ; costal border orna-
mented with olive-brown spots; an oblique brown bar across the basal third of the cell, almost
joining a reversed oblique band terminating in a large patch of the same colour in the centre of
the wing ; the upper edge of the latter margined with silvery white, which alone separates it
from a t_-shaped marking, also of olivaceous brown, beyond the cell ; two broad bands of slightly
paler brown, the first crossing the disk from costa to inner margin and the second marginal :
secondaries smoky brown, varied with darker spots towards apex, those nearest to costa being
edged with whitish : thorax greyish brown ; tegulae darker brown, with a longitudinal black
line ; abdomen fuliginous brown. Under surface fuliginous brown : wings with cupreous
reflections ; costal border of primaries whitish, with rounded blackish spots arranged like
those of the upper surface. Expanse of wings 87 millim.
Darjiling.
CYMATOPHORID^l.
THYATIRA, Hubn.
(Gaurena, Walk.)
There is absolutely no structural character to separate Gaurena from Thyatira, the
species of Gaurena having even the little dorsal pencil of hairs common to Thyatira baits and
allies. Gaurena was referred by Walker to the heterogeneous group of genera formerly
associated as Bombycoiche.
Thyatira florens. (Plate CIX. fig. 4.)
Gaurena florens, Walker, Cat. Lep. Hct. Suppl. ii. p. 620 ( 1865).
Primaries above bronze-brown, crossed by irregular blackish lines, the first of which is
close to the base and ^-shaped, the lower angle being spotted with yellow and the lower
extremity with white ; immediately beyond this, upon the median vein, is a white spot ; the
32 CYMATOPHORJD^.— LEUCANIID^.
second line forms the outer margin of a partly white- bordered brassy yellow band; beyond
this band the inner border is rather broadly yellow, interrupted by the irregular lines, and
partly edged internally with silvery white ; it expands at its extremity into a large wedge-
shaped patch ; costal margin dotted with yellow in the central area ; discoidal spots silvery
white ; the " reniform " spot, which is oval, is tinted in front with yellow ; a transverse
yellow spot on costal area just beyond the cell, and a small white spot connected with it at its
inferior extremity; a similar but larger apical spot ; two white dots on the first median branch
between the cell and the cuneiform patch; three white dots on the veins between the latter
and the apical patch ; a bifid yellow spot at centre of external border ; a marginal series of
silvery white lunules ; fringe spotted with white, but with a yellow spot at apex : secondaries
pale brown, with a broad diffused submarginal band ; fringe greyish, with an olivaceous basal
line : thorax dark olivaceous, the front of head and tips of tegulse greyish ; abdomen pale
brown. Under surface whity brown : wings clouded with grey, excepting at the borders, which
are sharply defined and partly macular ; fringe spotted with whitish. Expanse of wings
43 millim.
Daijiling (Atkinson §• Russell).
Thyatira fiorescens. (Plate CIX. fig. 5.)
(iaurena fiorescens, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Suppl. ii. p. 620 (18G5).
Coloration of the preceding species ; but the primaries with two unequal pale yellow
spots placed obliquely near the base in place of the irregular band, the discoidal spots larger,
the reniform spot more oblique ; the subcostal spot beyond the cell rounded and with no small
spot below and connected with it ; the apical spot replaced by an oblique clash ; the wedge-
shaped patch at external angle rounded and broken up ; the spot at centre of external border
smaller; the under surface altogether of a more golden reddish tint, the grey clouding less
pronounced and the pale borders partly obsolete and altogether less distinct. Expanse of
wings 40 millim.
Darjiling (Atkinson and Lidderdate) .
The rounded character of the markings on the primaries gives this species more nearly
the character of the better known species of Thyatira than that of T. fiorens, which reminds
one of Prospulla.
LETJCANIIDiE,
LEUCANIA, Schl.
Lencania decissima. (Plate CIX. fig. (!. )
Leucunia decissima, Walker, Cat. Lep. II, i. Swppl. ii. p. 624 (1865).
cJ . Primaries above extremely like Lencania l-album of Europe, but of a redder colour,
LEUCANIA. 33
with the pale parts of the wing less pronounced and the _l-shaped marking shorter : secon-
daries with the whole disk, excepting towards the costal and abdominal margins, smoky
blackish, with black marginal spots. All tbe wings below, excepting at the margin, sparkling
metallic silver: primaries with the usual black costal spot beyond the cell. Expanse of wings
36 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale, fyc).
Nearest to L. bistrigata, the Indian form of L. l-album.
Leucania hamifera. (Plate CIX. fig. 7.)
2 . Leucania exsanguis, var. ?, Walker (nee Guen.), Cat. Lep. H,t. ix. p. 104. n. 02 (1850).
tJ . Leucania hamifera, Walker, Jburn. Linn. >%c. vi. p. 179 (1802).
Both sexes alike on the upper surface and much resembling the European L. loreyi,
excepting that the primaries are of a pale flesh-brown tint, and that at the extremity of the
main stem of the median vein there is a white _l-shaped marking, as in the preceding species :
the secondaries also have a broad, diffused, pale brown border. On the under surface the male
is entirely different, being densely sprinkled from the base to beyond the middle of the wings
with sparkling silver scales, as in the preceding species, excepting that they cover less of the
wing-surface. Expanse of wings 37 millim.
5 , North India ; c? ? > Sarawak, Borneo.
The true L. exsanguis of Guenee cannot be this species ; it is said to resemble the
Chilian L. impuncta (which L. hamifera does not), and it is distinctly stated to have no marking
on the wings beyond the pale veins, and here and there a few badly defined black dots, which
in well-marked specimens tend to form a double Hue; some little very fine black dots in front
of the fringe, aud at the apex an oblique pale streak. The female of L. hamifera is figured.
APAMIID.E.
PRODENIA, GWra.
Prodenia infecta. (Plate CIX. fig. 8.)
Prodenia infecta, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. ix. p. 190. n. 12 (1850).
Prodenia insignata, Walker, L c. p. 197. n. 14 (1850).
Laphvgma squalida, Walker, I. c. Suppl. ii. p. 052 (1805).
Prodenia venustula, Walker, 1. e. p. 054 (1805).
Var. Prodenia permunda, Walker, 1. e. xi. p. 723 (1857).
Primaries above varying from cupreous-brown to black-brown ; costa spotted to beyond
the middle with black and whitish, dotted beyond the cell with white ; a large whitish apical
spot dotted with blackish at the apex ; central band indicated by two pairs of zigzag blackish
r
. ! APAMIID.P.— NOCTUID^E.
parallel lines, between which is an oblique whitish patch partly enclosing the orbicular spot,
which is stramineous and outlined in black ; the renii'orm spot large and blackish, excepting
its anterior border, which is pale stramineous ; area between the outer line of the central
belt and the external angle varied with more or less confluent white lunules ; an irregular
submarginal white line; a blackish patch upon the median interspaces between the outer line
of the central belt and the submarginal line ; a marginal series of black spots ; fringe pale
brown, traversed by two blackish lines : secondaries pearly white ; veins brownish ; costal and
external margins with a narrow bronze-brown border : thorax dark brown; abdomen whity
brown. Primaries below sericeous whity brown; costa spotted with lake-brown : secondaries
with the borders paler than above; black marginal clots between the veins: body below
reddish brown. Expanse of wings 34-38 millim.
North India, South India, Siam, Formosa.
Three of Mr. Walker's types were received in the same collection from North India.
The type of P. infecta is paler, and that of P. permunda darker, than the others ; but in
pattern there is no variation whatever of the least importance.
Prodenia glaucistriga. (Plate CIX. fig. 9.)
<J. Prodenia glaucistriga, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Lx. p. 197. n. 15 (1856).
Exact pattern of P. retina of Europe, of which it is probably a well-developed and
brightly coloured form ; it differs chiefly in its slight!}' superior size and the more clearly
defined whiter markings on the primaries; the apical oblique dash is also of a bluer, more
ash-coloured, tint. Expanse of wings 37—12 millim.
North India, Canara, Formosa.
\< P. retina (with which P. littoralis from Madagascar is identical) occurs in Nepal, and
probably throughout India and Africa, in Formosa, &c, there is no reason why P. gluuci-
striga should not prove to be a variety, but for the fact that specimens of this form have
not been received from Africa. It agrees very closely with P. commelinm of the New World,
but the slight characters which distinguish the two appear to be constant.
NOCTUIDJ3.
EPILECTA, Hiibn.
Epilecta seniiherbida. (Plate CX. fig. 1.)
Triphocna seniiherbida, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xi. p. 743 ( L857).
Primaries above purplish brown; the basal third, costal border, centre of interno-
median area, the two ordinary central and the submarginal stripes pale yellowish green; the
subbasal, ordinary, and submarginal stripes outlined in blackish, and the discoidal spots in
LEOCYMA. — ACONTIA. 35
black ; the latter are brown, with greenish pupil and iris ; eostal margin spotted with black ;
a black subapical dash; a blackish-edged pale marginal macular stripe: secondaries bright
oclircous, basi-abdominal area testaceous; costal border broadly smoky brown; a large spot
at the end of the cell and a broad external border black : thorax pale greenish, the collar and
teguke striped with brown; abdomen greyish brown. Primaries below whity brown and
grey; discoidal and internal areas yellowish; a broad patch on the disk and an irregular
subcostal streak confluent with it black : secondaries with the abdominal area ochreous,
otherwise nearly as above. Expanse of wings 41 rnillim.
Darjiling (Reid If Lidderdale) .
There can be no doubt that Capt. Rcid's specimen was obtained at Darjiling.
ACONTIIDiE.
LEOCYMA, Gum.
Leocyma cygnus. (Plate CX. fig. 3.)
Chasmina cygnus, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. is. p. 147. n. 1 (185(1).
Shining snow-white ; apical half of costal border of primaries, external border of these
wings, and top of head slightly brownish ; face flesh-coloured ; tibiae and tarsi of front legs
ochreous, spotted with black. Expanse of wings 41 millim.
North India.
The genus Chasmina, founded by Walker for the reception of this and another species,
was referred by him first to the Leucaniidre, and subsequently to the Glottulidse.
ACONTIA, Ochs.
Acontia judicata. (Plate CX. fig. 2.)
Acontia judicata, Walker, Cat. Lip. Het. xv. p. 1760 (1858).
Shining snow-white : primaries with four black costal spots at regular intervals, the first
close to the base and the last at external third ; the third of these spots continued obliquely
downwards, by a testaceous line sprinkled with black scales, to the subcostal vein ; the fourth
spot forming the commencement of a slightly oblique and sinuous transverse discal testaceous
line which extends to the inner margin; a marginal series of very delicate black dashes;
fringe very long, traversed by two pale lines, the inner one testaceous. Primaries below with
the last black costal spot and the marginal black dashes of the upper surface, but no other
markings ; front legs spotted with black. Expanse of wings 29 millim.
North India.
This species has much the aspect of a Leocyma ; but diners in the form of its palpi, which
are curved upwards to above the level of the head.
36 PLUSIIDiE.
PLUSIID.E.
PLUSIA, Ochs.
Plusia ciliaris. (Plate CX. fig. 5.)
Plusia ciliaris, Walker, Gat. Lep. Het. xii. p. 928. n. 86 (1857).
Primaries bronze-brown ; the veins on tbe basal third white ; a white-edged blackish
line close to the base ; a forked, white-edged, grey, ^-shaped character, formed by the union
of two abbreviated bands, on the basal half; reniform spot oblique, grey, partly black-
margined, and with white edges; a slightly sinuous transverse discal white band, intersected
by a dark-brown line ; a very irregular submarginal whitish line ; three closely approximated
white marginal lines, the central one slightly undulated, the interval between it and the
outer line black ; fringe traversed through the middle by a sinuated white line, the sinuations
blackish ; costa beyond the middle spotted with white : secondaries whity brown, with a
broad external border and the veins greyish bronze-brown : thorax dark grey-brown, crossed
by series of curved white-edged dusky lines; abdomen whity brown. Under surface whity
brown, the primaries suffused with greyish, excepting the outer border (which has a deeply
dentated inner edge), the veins, and a cuneiform patch below the first median branch; costa
spotted with whitish beyond the middle ; a dusky stripe crossing the wing just beyond the
cell ; fringe creamy whitish, tipped with grey, and enclosing a scries of triangular dusky
spots: secondaries crossed by two ill-defined parallel dusky stripes: anterior tibiae with
whitish central and terminal spots. Expanse of wings 32 millim.
Nepal.
Plusia nigrisigna. (Plate CX. fig. 4.)
Plusia nigrisigna, WaVcer, Cat. Lep. lid. xii. p. 9i'S. n. 87 (1857).
Coloration and general character of/5, circumflexa, but the primaries more acuminate;
the black subbasal dash absent ; the white-edged grey pateli on the dark submedian area
replaced by a hook-shaped silver line and a small separate fusiform silver spot ; the diseal
line more distinctly and continuously dentate-sinuate ; the submarginal edging to the outer
border more regularly undulated, not equally divided into brown and ash-grey as in /'. cir-
cumfltxa, but having a white external stripe from the subcostal to the first median branch ;
the black intcmcrvular dashes arc also wanting. On the under surface the coloration is more
uniform than in the above-mentioned species. Expanse of wings 1() millim.
North India {Hcurscy).
The P. circiiiiijh.nl of Walker's list has nothing in common with that described by
Linnaeus; the latter appears to be the P. graphica of llrrrich-JSchiill'iT (Noct. Eur. t. 108,
f. 548), African examples of which are described by Walker under the name of P. patefacta.
Haworth (Lcp. Brit. p. 257) describes a /'. circumflexa as occurring in Essex, and quotes
BKIAKDA. 37
Donovan's figure of P. flescuosa (Brit. Ins. xii. p. 53, pi. 4.12); the latter is certainly not the
Linncan species, but is probably intended to represent the species subsequently named
P. pulchrina by Ilaworth.
Walker's P. circumflexd is that of Freyer, and is the P. gutta of Guence, of which
P. virgo, Motsch., is the Japanese representative.
HOMOPTEBJD^.
BRIARDA, Walk.
Briarda decens. (Plate CX. fig. C.)
(S 2 . Briarda decens, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xiii. p. 1008. n. 1 (1857).
Primaries above whity brown, crossed by numerous, parallel, dentate-sinuate, grey-brown
lines ; a broad angular belt of black-brown near the base, its inner edge diffused, its outer
edge undulated and margined with white ; an ill-defined, irregular, black-edged grey-
brown band across the middle ; a truncated, subcuneiform, costal, subapical, smoky brown
patch varied with whitish: secondaries pale sandy brownish, the external two fifths pale
fuliginous brown, interrupted near the anal angle by two or three zigzag, abbreviated, whitish
lines extending from the outer margin upwards towards the apex : pectus whity brown ; head
and collar darker sandy brown ; a squamose blackish line along the posterior margins of the
tegulse; abdomen with greyish dorsal tufts. Under suface pale yellowish brown or sordid
testaceous : the secondaries whitish, with a broad greyish-brown discal belt near outer
margin: primaries with the apical area clouded with greyish brown; all the wings with
slender, dusky, marginal line and blackish dots between the veins: tarsi barred with black.
Expanse of wings 45 millim.
North India (James) ; Ceylon (Thwaltes).
Briarda precedens. (Plate CX. fig. 7.)
2 . Briarda precedens, Walker, Cat. Lep. Set. xiii. p. 1098. n. 2 (1857).
cf . Briarda antecedent, Walker, I.e. p. 1090. n. 3 (1857).
Primaries whity brown, crossed by numerous, parallel, zigzag, darker reddish-brown
lines; the external area suffused with brown, darker than the ground-colour, so as to render
these lines indistinct ; a dark-brown costal patch at base, on which the zigzag lines are black ;
a broad, oblique, truncated wedge-shaped patch from the costa almost to the first median
branch, and enclosing two or three minute white spots ; a nearly crescent-shaped subapical
spot with dentated inner edge, a trisinuated line alone separating it from a small bifid apical
spot in the female, though in the male these two spots are confluent, and a diffused streak
forming a kind of continuation to the wedge-shaped patch, dark brown ; a blackish spot near
base of inner margin ; a series of black dots attached to pale dots along the outer margin :
38 CATEPHUD^.— CATOCALID.*:.
secondaries greyish brown with golden reflections ; a broad darker external border : body
whity brown ; collar darker brown, with a curved black liue on each side. Under surface
whity brown with golden reflections: primaries with a greyisli indication of the wedge-shaped
patch of the upper surface and a greyisli discal band : secondaries with a grey, almost
marginal, band : all the wings with grey discocellular spots. Expanse of wings, d 52 millim.,
? 40 millim.
North India, Ceylon, and Sumatra.
The male is not figured, as there is no Indian example in the Museum series ; it, however,
chiefly differs from the female in its shape, which agrees with that of B. decerns, and in its
densely hairy legs and longer body.
CATEPHIIDiE.
ARCTE, Koll.
(Cocytodes, Guen.)
Arete nigrescens, sp. n. (Plate CX. fig. 8.)
Allied to A. taprobana of Moore (from Ceylon and Sumatra) ; decidedly larger : the
primaries, with the exception of the apical patch, suffused with blue-black and sprinkled with
bluish-white scales; the apical patch is also darker than in Moore's figure, or than a
specimen in the Museum collection from Ceylon; outer margin more prominently denti-
culated : secondaries more prominently marked with bluish-white spots, and more distinctly
suffused with greyish green than in the Ceylon species; apical area quite black: thorax
longer and decidedly darker; abdomen much greener. Under surface smoky greyish brown,
I he costal, apical, and external areas sprinkled with white scales; black discocellular spots,
followed by a well-marked arched black band; a submarginal series of black spots, with
white > -shaped inner edges: primaries with a white longitudinal dash between the disco-
cellular spot and the arched band : secondaries with this band somewhat bracket-shaped and
partly edged externally with white dots; a large black patch at the anal angle : pectus bright
ochreous ; legs varied with grey and black ; venter black, with five rows of primrose-yellow
spots. Expanse of wings 84 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale] .
CATOCALID.E.
CATOCALA, Ochs.
Catocala prolifera. (Plate CX. fig. 9.)
Catocala prolifera, Walker, Cat. Lap. II. t. xiii. p. 1211. no. 62 (1857).
Allied to C. elocata of Europe, bul the primaries decidedly broader; all the markings on
CATOCALA. 39
these wings blurred, those on the centre of the wing forming almost an >S through the
combination of two reversed augnlated bands; the ground-colour pinky white densely
irrorated with black, and the bands sprinkled with ochreous scales, which give them a dull
greenish appearance, the bands themselves being of a bluish-grey colour, excepting the zigzag
one near the base, which is whitish with blackish borders ; (he basal area itself bluish grey :
the secondaries have no orange spots at apex, and the black band is almost rectangular
(L-shaped on the left-hand wing) : otherwise this species resembles C. elocata. Expanse of
wings 91 millim.
North India [Mrs. Monger).
Catocala concubia. (Plate CX. fig. 10.)
Catocala concubia, Walker, Cat. Lcp. Het. xiii. p. 1210. n. Gl (1857).
Very near to C. elocata, but the primaries more uniformly granite-grey : the secondaries
with the apex pure white, and with the black central baud augnlated externally and abbre-
viated at the first median branch; the whole of the fringe of these wings is also of a purer
white colour. Expanse of wings 90 millim.
North India (Mrs. Mauger) .
Catocala luiicuba. (Plate CX. fig. 11.)
Catocala unicuba, Walker, Cat. Lip. II,t. xiii. p. 1210. u. 01 (ls.57).
Perhaps only a variety of C. nupta ; the primaries are, however, rather more smoky in
tint, the markings a little less defined, and the pale patches better defined than in the
European species; the fringes appear also to be rather shorter. On the under surface the
white band across the disk is decidedly narrower, and the apex is grey instead of white :
otherwise there is no difference. Expanse of wings 78 millim.
North India (Mrs. Manger).
Walker says that " this species very much resembles C. nupta, but may be distinguished
by the different form of the exterior line of the fore wings, and by the much more excavated
band on the underside of the hind wings." Neither of these characters, however, proves to be
of the slightest importance when more than one specimen of C. nupta is examined.
Catocala sponsalis. (Plate CXI. fig. 1.)
Catocala sponsalis, Walker, Cat. Lcp. Het. xiii. p. 1213. n. 07 (LS57).
Primaries above of various shades of stone-colour, grey, and olivaceous, crossed by the
two usual black lines aud other markings arranged as in C. zaltnunna * : secondaries of a
* 111. Typ. Lep. Het. iii. pi. xlvii. fig. 3.
40 EREBID.E.
bright rosy salmon-red, with the black band narrower than in C. zalmunna, but similarly
formed ; the black external border a little narrower, interrupted between the submedian vein
and first median branch, and interrupted on the margin, by pink-tinted ochreous spots.
Expanse of wings 63 millim.
Nepal (Hardwicke).
Walker noted the locality of this species as doubtful.
EREBID.E.
SYPNA, Gum.
Sypna mormoides. (Plate XI. fig. 2.)
Sypna mormoides, Butler, Trans. Eat. Soc. p. 202. n. 1 (1881).
Allied to S. dubitaria, but as large as S. catocaloides. Primaries above dark brown, witli
very faint lilacine tinge, traversed by numerous pale sinuated lines, the basal half crossed by
two, irregular, black-bordered dark-brown bands ; a third abbreviated black band, traversed
by two irregular pale lines from the costa to the first median branch ; a fourth slightly zigzag
and undulated black band, traversed by an irregularly undulated pale line, across the disk ;
a submarginal series of white- pupilled black spots, followed by an undulated black marginal
line; fringe dark brown, traversed by a basal, a central, and a marginal pale line : secondaries
sericeous fuliginous brown; the disk crossed by four or five macular parallel discal stripes,
which are obsolete towards the costa, but gradually increase in intensity towards the
abdominal border, becoming quite black below the second median vein, where they are also
rendered more prominent by a background of lilacine scales ■ a submarginal undulated black
line, interrupted below the radial vein by a series of five white dots ; the marginal black line
and fringe as in the primaries : thorax above black-brown, irrorated aud transversely striped
with whitish; abdomen dark fuliginous brown. Under surface of primaries pale fuliginous
brown, slightly yellowish ; a subangulated blackish band immediately beyond the cell,
followed by a sordid white band, which is again followed by a broad, curved, tapering, dusky
belt ; a sordid whitish spot just within the end of the cell ; a submarginal scries of black
spots, pupilled externally with cream-colour; fringe traversed by an indistinct, slender, duskj
line, and tipped with blackish: secondaries greyish brown, with faint pinky reflections; a
large, dusky-bordered, whitish discocellular spot, followed by an arched indistinct greyish
stripe, followed again by two arched undulated dusky discal stripes; external border broadly
greyish; submarginal spots and fringe as in primaries. Expanse of wings 8-1 millim.
Parjiling [Sadler Sf ladder dale).
SYl'XA. -11
Sypna umbrosa. (Plate CXI. fig. .3.)
Sypna umbrosa, Butler, Trans. F.nt. Sue. p. L'04. n. S ( IS>"1 ).
Coloration of S. omicron'iyera : primaries dark smoky brown, faintly shot to beyond the
cell with violet, and crossed by three nearly equidistant, irregularly undulated and sinuated
black lines, the second passing through the rcniform spot, which is very indistinct and
greenish grey; a submarginal scries of small blackish-dotted whity-brown spots; apical third
of costal margin spotted with pale butt'; fringe spotted, and with a basal Hue of pale butt':
secondaries pale brown, shining whitish towards the costa : thorax and dorsal abdominal
tufts dark brown ; abdomen and under surface pale brown. Wings below with broad dusky
external borders : primaries with dusky costal border ; secondaries with a small blackish
curved anal dash. Expanse of wings 46 millim.
Shillong, Assam.
Sypna coelisparsa. (Plate CXI. fig. 1.)
Sypna ecclisparsa, Walker, Cat. Lep. llet. xiv. p. 1262. n. 4 (1857).
Primaries above cupreous brown with purple veins ; the whole sui'face sprinkled with
sky-blue scales ; markings very similar to those of S. mormoides, dark piceous brown and
black; reniform spot narrow, pale, edged with a series of small blue dots : secondaries with
the costal area broadly golden brownish, the abdominal two thirds similarly coloured to the
primaries : body dark brown, the fringes of the tegulse and base of abdomen a little paler ;
abdomen purplish. Under surface whity brown, with faint lilacine reflection : wings crossed
by a narrow ill-defined smoky- brown band, a slightly wider well-defined arched band, and a
broad discal belt, which on the secondaries is only separated by four or five spots from the
outer margin : primaries with well-marked" external border, on which is a submarginal series
of small black crescents. Expanse of wings 53 millim.
Assam (Warwick).
Sypna pulchra. (Plate CXI. fig. 5.)
Sypna pulchra, Butler, Trans. But. Soc. p. 208. n. 19 (1881).
Primaries alternately banded with ochreous and blackish, the whole traversed by
numerous, undulated, parallel, black lines ; all the blackish bands and black lines brilliantly
shot with green towards the base, and with purple beyond; external border pale golden buff
towards apex; external angle dark brown just below the centre; a submarginal series of
wbite-pnpilled black clots; fringe varied with blackish: secondaries with basal half lilacine
grey ; costa cupreous whitish ; external area blackish, shot with purple, edged internally and
streaked at anal angle and on apical fringe with golden ochreous ; submarginal dots as in
42 EREBID^E.
primaries : body pale. Under surface greyish, with whitish postrnedian band enclosing a
dusky stripe, and followed by a purplish-black tapering belt; external border buff; a series
of white-dotted black subiuarginal spots : body buff ; legs varied with grey. Expanse of
wings 47 millim.
Darjiling {Lidderdale) .
Sypna apicalis. (Plate CXI. fig. G.)
Sypna apicalis, Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 206. n. 15 (1881).
Allied to S. fumosa aud S. catocaloides. From the former it principally differs on the
upper surface in its more pointed primaries and subangulated secondaries, the latter with a
large marginal lunate creamy ochreous apical patch ; on the underside, however, it is entirely
different, and more nearly resembles S. catocaloides, being of a creamy-yellowish colour, the
wings crossed by three black bands, slightly curved and converging towards the inner margin
(which they do not, however, reach), angulated on the primaries and undulated on the
secondaries, where the second and third are almost united from the middle upwards by a
large subapical blackish blotch ; an indistinct dusky line immediately beyond the third band,
and a submarginal series of black dots : secondaries with two parallel black dashes at the end
of the cell. Expanse of wings 53 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
Sypna tenebrosa. (Plate CXI. fig. 7.)
Sypna tenebrosa, Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 20'3. n. 4 (1SS1).
Allied to -S'. martina of Eelder, but with the broad dark belt of the primaries interrupted
by the veins; the discal band bounding the external area darker; the pale central belt of the
secondaries obsolete; the external area paler in the male, darker in the female; the yellowish
spots on the fringe of the male only visible towards the apex, those of the female broadly
interrupted opposite to the median interspaces; the grey intersecting line also does not cross
the yellow spots as in A', martina. The under surface seems to be entirely different : it is
whity brown in the male, creamy whitish in the female, crossed beyond the middle of the
primaries by an oblique belt, and at the middle of the secondaries by an arched belt of four
alternately dark-brown and sordid white bands; the innermost band, however, is indistinct,
particularly on the secondaries of the male, where it is also interrupted by a whitish disco-
cellular lunule ; a broad curved discal belt, smoky brown in tin- male, blackish in the female,
its outer edge very irregular and forming two unequal projections to the outer margin on
the secondaries; a submarginal series of lunate black dots; fringe with dusky tips: body
below pale buff. Expanse of wings, J1 57 millim., ? 5'J millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
SYPNA. 43
Sypna lucilla. (Plate CXI. fig. 8.)
Sypna lucilla. Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 206. n. 17 (1881).
Primaries above gravel-brown, crossed by blackish stria? and by a very broad and slightly
irregular cream-coloured belt, which is interrupted upon the costa by a triangular black-
speckled brown patch, and four or five dots in an oblique scries just below it ; a broad slaty-
grey subbasal band, bounded externally on the inner margin by a small bluish-white spot ;
discoidal spots pure white, small ; external area crossed by lilacine veins, a very irregular
black line, followed by a submarginal series of black lunules, spotted externally with pale
buff; fringe smoky brown : secondaries with the basal area to the central dusky line creamy
yellowish, with brassy and opaline reflections, but the interno-median area densely clothed
with pale-brown hair; a rather broad band just beyond the middle, its upper half creamy
yellowish, its lower half pinky white, traversed (from the abdominal margin) by an abbre-
viated grey line ; a broad tapering blackish discal band; external area testaceous, mottled
with brown; submarginal markings and fringe as in the primaries; veins shot with lilacine:
thorax whity brown; abdomen smoky brown, with whitish hind margins to the segments.
Under surface creamy whitish : primaries with the costal and external borders and the apical
area speckled with black; three blackish abbreviated stripes, the two first parallel and
oblique, the third transverse and irregular; fringe dusky; a submnrginal series of black
dots : secondaries speckled with black, crossed in the middle by two slender undulated and
obtusely angulated blackish lines ; disk crossed by a slightly sinuous diffused blackish baud ;
a submarginal series of black dots ; fringe greyish towards the anal angle. Expanse of wings
57 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
Sypna obscurata. (Plate CXI. fig. 9.)
Sypna obscurata, Butler, Trans. Ent. Soe. p. 207. n. 18 (1881).
Nearly allied to the preceding species, but altogether considerably darker, the ground-
colour of the primaries being of a ferruginous red tint, clouded with shining grey and mottled
with black ; the subbasal band is of a shining indigo-blue rather than slate-colour, and is
barely distinguishable from the grey cloudings ; the broad belt is dull greyish white, streaked
with metallic green, and mottled here and there with black in the male ; in the female it
is scarcely paler than the rest of the ground-colour, but in both sexes its inner edge is
considerably straighter than in S. lucilla ■ the reniform spot is sometimes represented by
three white dots in a slightly curved series : the secondaries are cupreous brown, with pale
costal border and the commencement of a pale central band ; the latter is, however, almost
lost as it reaches the radial vein; the other markings are altogether darker, the apex is
spotted with buff; the body is much darker ; the under surface much more densely mottled
and distinctly banded with black. Expanse of wings, J 51 millim., ? 57 millim.
Shillong and Darjiling (Lidderdale).
44 EEEBID^E.
Subsequent to the publication of the description of this species (in the ' Proceedings of
the Zoological Society' for 1883, p. 25) Mr. Moore described a species of Sypna under the
name of S. renisigna ; a comparison of the two types shows that the latter is a male inter-
mediate between the males in the Museum Collection, and corresponding perfectly with the
type specimen of the female of S. obscurata. As it is most improbable that three species are
represented in the Museum series from Darjiling and Assam, <S. renisigna will become a
synonym of S. obscurata.
Sypna albilinea. (Plate CXII. fig. 1.)
Sypna albilinea, Walker, Cat. L,/>. //■>. xiv. p. 1261. n. 3 (1857).
Fuliginous brown with a slight golden reflection : primaries with the basal half olive-
brown, banded and traversed near the base and in the middle by slender sinuous lilac lines ;
basal area also sprinkled with lilac scales ; orbicular spot obsolete; rcniform spot ill-defined,
oblique, elongated, testaceous, interrupting the outer lilac lines; a dark brown costal spot
edged with lilac just beyond the middle; external third suffused with lilac, especially upon
the veins, sparsely irrorated with black, traversed by an ill-defined interrupted crenulated
black line; an oblique internally bisinuated subapieal black patch ; a marginal series of small
squamose marginal spots : secondaries with whitish basi-costal area and two pale bands, one
just beyond the middle, the other abbreviated, submarginal ; anal area crossed by undulating
lines of lilac dark fuliginous and blackish, and sprinkled along the veins with lilac scales;
three pale yellowish apical spots extending into the fringe : body brown; abdomen greyish,
with the posterior margins of the segments lilacine. Wings below with pale greyish-brown
basal area which is bounded externally by a fuliginous brown band, next to which is an arched
white belt enclosing a blackish band ; disk dark fuliginous brown : primaries with' whitish
external border enclosing a submarginal series of black lunulcs ; fringe tipped with blackish :
secondaries w itb a large whitish apical patch, divided by two or three fuliginous brown streaks,
which extend into the fringe; a second patch, undivided, at anal angle: body below pale
greyish brown. Expanse of wings 55 millim.
Silhet.
The name chosen for this species is singularly inappropriate, as there is not a white line
on any part of it.
Sypna moorei. (Plate CXII. fig. 2.)
Sypna moorei, Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 209. n. 22 (18S1).
Near to S. rectilinea and S. achatina ; larger than the former and smaller than the
latter; much darker than cither; the lilacine white lines on the primaries more slender than
in S. achatina, indistinct; the pale areas barely indicated: primaries with a distinct zigzag
black discal line; a white orbicular point in the cell ; submarginal spots black and white.
Under surface as in S. achatina. Expanse of wings 5G millim.
Shillong, Assam.
NTCTIPAO. — OPHIUSA. 45
OMMATOPHORID.E.
NYCTIPAO, Hiibn.
Nyctipao exterior. (Plate CXIIf fig. 3.)
Nyctipao exterior, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xiv. p. 1306. n. 7 (1857).
? . Deep chocolate- or pitch-brown, with the ordinary ocellus and other markings of
N. caprimulgus, but the pale irregular discal line bounding the external area replaced by a
similarly formed but much wider snow-white band, which in some examples is widened on the
secondaries to a broad belt and encloses a few smoky brownish spots : on the under surface it
differs in the great size and snow-white colour of the spots across the disk of the wings, and
the greater proximity of the series of small spots to the discal series, thus rendering them a
second discal instead of a submarginal series ; the external area immediately beyond the
second series suffused and ash-grey. Expanse of wings 08-103 millim.
Silhet, Darjiling, and Tenasserim.
Nyctipao glaucopis. (Plate CXII. fig. 4.)
Nyctipao glaucopis, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xiv. p. 1306. n. 6 (1857).
Smoky olive-brown shot with purple ; the ordinary ocellus rather large, with the iris a
little broader than usual ; ordinary lines wanting ; indications of two partly parallel series of
pale spots beyond the middle ; the first two or three of the inner series on the primaries and
of the outer series on the secondaries white. Under surface olive -brown, shot with purple ;
the wings crossed beyond the middle by a series of snow-white spots, the first five of the
primaries and the first two on the secondaries considerably broader than the others. Expanse
of wings 109 millim.
Silhet.
ophitjsid^;.
OPHIUSA, Guen.
Ophiusa conflciens- (Plate CXII. fig. 5.)
Ophiusa conficiens, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xiv. p. 1432. n. 29 (1857).
Primaries above dark chocolate-brown, crossed obliquely from the costa before the middle
to the inner margin by a nearly straight white band and from the costa at apical fourth to
the inner margin near the external angle by a slender tremulous angulated and sinuous
creamy yellowish line ; external border creamy yellowish, the margin indicated by a slender
46 OMMATOPHOEID^:.— FOCILLID^E.
blackish line, preceded by a series of small black dots : secondaries olive-brown, crossed from
the middle of costa to near external angle by a slightly tapering creamy whitish band ; a
black patch, preceded by two cream-coloured dots and some scattered blue scales, at anal
angle ; an almost marginal cream-coloured streak ; fringe cream-coloured : thorax brown,
abdomen greyish. Under surface greyish fuliginous, crossed by two central and two undu-
lated submarginal dusky lines; outer margin and fringe whitish; a slender blackish marginal
line; primaries with creamy whitish internal area. Expanse of wings 53 millim.
North India.
Ophiusa properata. (Plate CXII. fig. 6.)
Ophiusa properata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Ifct. xiv. p. 1433. n. 31 (1857).
Primaries dark olive-brown, crossed before the middle by a broad lilacine greyish belt
constricted towards the centre and internally edged with white; a very broad undulated
lilacine grey external border, its inner margin very slenderly edged with white; a large
internally white-edged blackish apical spot, below which is a white-edged black >-shaped
marking : secondaries lilacine greyish with whity-brown basieostal area ; a slender whitish
band, followed by a fuliginous brown nebula, crosses the wing before the middle ; fringe near
the apex snow-white : body brown. Under surface greyish brown, more or less suffused
and banded with rufous-brown : primaries with the apical two-fifths of fringe whitish ; secon-
daries with a white patch on the fringe as above. Expanse of wings 47 millim.
Darjiling.
FOCILLID^E.
AMPHIGONIA, Gum.
Amphigonia comprimens. (Plate CXII. fig. 7.)
Amphigonia comprimens. Walker, Oat. Ltj: llet. xv. p. 1540. n. 5 ( L858).
Greyish stone-colour; primaries crossed obliquely at basal fourth by four brown spots,
the second to fourth enclosing small ochreous >-shaped characters; a differently shaped but
similarly coloured spot at the end of the cell, an angulated and sinuatcd grey oblique stripe
beyond the cell ; an irregular lunulated ochreous streak, bounded internally by three black-
edged silvery white lunules and externally by a purplish-brown patch, across the disk; a
submarginal series of dark brown dots and dashes : secondaries with a grey luuule at the end
of the cell, followed by an angulated and sinuatcd grey stripe ', external area ochreous
excepting towards apex and bounded internally throughout by a scries of brown-edged
ochreous lunules; an ill-defined brown submarginal line, followed nearer to the margin by a
series of dark brown dots and dashes. Head, front of thorax, and back of abdomen ochra-
THEKMESIA. — EROSIA. 47
ceous. Under surface pale sandy brownish : wings with grey discocellular lunules followed
by two grey lines, the first indistinct nearly central, the second better defined, subangulated,
dentate-sinuate, followed upon the primaries by a stramineous belt which does not extend
above the upper radial vein; beyond this band the wing is grey-brown to the margin:
secondaries with a zigzag grey submarginal line; a large apical patch and the fringe brown ;
palpi crossed by grey lines. Expanse of wings 53 millim.
Silhet.
THERMESIID.E.
THERMESIA, Hiibn.
Thermesia creberrima. (Plate CXII. fig. 8.)
Thermesia creberrima, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xv. p. 157-4. n. 24 (1858).
Testaceous : wings crossed by seven or eight badly defined zigzag greyish lines ; a pale
yellowish line crosses the wings in a straight line from about the apical fourth of the costa of
primaries to beyond the middle of the abdominal margin of secondaries ; this line is edged
externally with a line of deep rufous-brown and a band of paler rufous-brown, which is
bounded again by one of the zigzag lines ; a submarginal series of blackish points, between
which are marginal points arranged in pairs. Under surface stramineous : the primaries
darker than the secondaries; orbicular spots represented by blackish dots; rcniform spots
represented by blackish annular markings ; two subparallel blackish zigzag lines beyond the
cell, the first of which lines on the primaries stops short at the discocellular spot ; a series of
blackish dots across the disk ; submarginal and marginal series as above ; pectus pearl-white.
the legs pale sandy yellowish, barred with grey. Expanse of wings -45 millim.
Silhet.
EROSIIM.
EROSIA, Gum.
Erosia himala. (Plate CXII. fig. 9.)
Erosia himala, Butler, Ann. Sf Mat/. Wat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 221. n. 50 (1880).
Snow-white : primaries above with the basal half crossed by two separated, oblique,
parallel, black stripes ; a slightly oblique smoky-brown stripe from the costa to the external
angle ; an abbreviated submarginal black line ; costal margin dotted with black ; fringe
brownish at the base : secondaries traversed by an elbowed black line parallel to the abdominal
margin; a large, oblique, pyramidal discal patch from just above the first subcostal branch to
near the outer margin, ochreous with smoky brown extremities, its base excavated ; subapical
area striated with brown ; a marginal, black, sinuated line connecting the caudal denticles ;
48 EUSCHEMIDJE.
a large, marginal, black spot at the extremity of the second median branch ; fringe traversed
by a blackish line : anterior legs blackish internally. Wings below sordid towards the base :
primaries with the black lines on basal half ill-defined ; external third brownish, flecked with
darker striations : secondaries with creamy external area ; fringe traversed here and there by
a blackish line ; a small black spot near the extremity of the second median interspace :
body below sordid white. Expanse of wings 34 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
EUSCHEMID^E.
CELERENA, Walk.
Celerena divisa. (Plate CXIII. fig. 1.)
Celerena divisa. Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. 3rd ser. i. p. 72 (1S02-G4) ; Cat. Lep. Het. Suppl. i. p. 106
(1864).
Chrome-yellow : primaries with the apical third ash-grey, bounded internally by an arched
black band ; a short angular black band from the costa before the middle, across the end of
the cell to the first median branch ; a grey costal streak from this band to the base : secon-
daries with a broad grey external border, bounded internally by an arched black band :
primaries below with a black instead of grey costal streak ; the black band across the end
of the cell abbreviated and partly replaced by grey ; a broad clavate grey streak on the first
median branch, extending to the arched black border of the grey apical area. Expanse of
wings 71 millim.
Silhet (Slainsforth, c\t.).
EUSCHEMA, fflbn.
Euschenia proba. (Plate CXIII. fig. 2.)
Eusehcma proba, Butler, Ann. c\- Mai/. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. L20. n. 17 (1880).
Pale sericeous bluish grey, with purple bands and spots as in E. pugnataria of Java,
but the bands more slender; antenna' pale red-brown, with blackish pectinations; front of
head flesh-tinted with purplish central spots ; back of head, collar, and thorax slightly
greenish, and therefore more sordid in tint than the wings ; addomen bright cadmium-yellow,
greyish spotted with purple in the centre towards the base; centre of pectus and venter
bright cadmium-yellow ; legs and sides of pectus greyish, the legs touched here and there
with purple. Wings below slightly greenish ; the internal area of primaries washed with
purple; asubapical costal whity brown streak. Expanse of wings <>'.) millim.
<J, Borneo; ? , Darjiling.
This species is most nearly allied to E. iitaltujaiiti , but the abdominal border of the
secondaries is not spotted with bright yellow as in that species.
PAN.ETHIA.— URAPTEKYX. 49
PAN.ETHIA, Gum.
Panaethia iridicolor. (Plate CXIII. fig. 3.)
Panaetkia iridicolor, Bailer, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 227. n. 03 (1880).
J1 $ . Wings above pale emerald-green, crossed in the middle by a broad angulatcd and
widely sinuated chrome-yellow belt; a widely undulated discal stripe, white internally and
yellow externally ; external border washed with yellow, the veins and a series of internervular
longitudinal rays beyond the discal stripe blue-black : primaries with a large and nearly
complete annulus at the base, its inner edge yellow and its outer edge white ; a small spot at
the base of the costal border and a curved transverse line on the discocellulars blue-black :
secondaries with the upper half of the discocellular slightly blackish : body bright yellow :
frons greenish, bright green just in front of the ajitennie, the latter testaceous with the scapi
white; posterior margins of abdominal segments silvery white. Under surface pure white ;
primaries with a dark-green line on the discocellulars. Expanse of wings 59 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
This beautiful and delicate species is nearer to P. hernionata of Guenee, from North
China, than to any other known species; it is, however, entirely dissimilar in colour to any
moth vet described.
UllAPTERYGIDiE.
URAPTERYX, Leach.
Urapteryx primularis, sp. n. (Plate CXIII. fig. 4.)
Urapteryx picticaudata, Butler (nee Walker), Jburn. Linn. Soc, Zool. vol. xvii. p. 11)8. n. 3 ( 1883).
Nearest to U. sciticaudaria; but considerably larger, of a bright primrose-yellow
colour, with broader bands across the wings, and with the disk of the wings more strongly
striated with brown; the caudal process on the secondaries comparatively broader and
shorter. Expanse of wings 63 millim.
Nepal; Darjiling (Russell, 3fc.).
In the Supplement to his Catalogue Mr. Walker wrongly identified a Darjiling example
of this species with his U. picticaudata, and remarked — "This and U. sciticaudata (sic) are
varieties of one species, and are connected by U. multistrigaria with U. sambucaria."
U. multistrigaria is a white species, and belongs to the same group as U. maculicaudaria of
Japan and not to the U.-sambucaria group, so that it does not form a connecting-link between
the present species (which Walker had before him) and U. sambucaria, or U. sciticaudaria
and U. sambucaria; indeed the two latter are, as Walker says, "closely allied, but the former
may be distinguished by the additional line on the fore wings, and by the longer tails of the
hind wings."
H
50 UEAPTERYGID^.
The true U. picticaudata was described from a specimen in the collection of the late
Mr. W. "Wilson Saunders, received from Sarawak. It is described as being 22 lines (i. e.
46millim.) in expanse of wings, and is therefore 8 lines (or 17 millimetres) smaller in expanse
than the N.E. Indian species ; it is further described as being yellowish white, as having
deep-red fringes, subfalcate fore wings, two black-and-red spots at the base of the tail, and
the top of its head brown — all of which characters readily distinguish it from U. primularis ,
and prove it to be much more nearly allied to U. multistrigaria.
Urapteryx sciticaudaria. (Plate CXIII. fig. 5.)
Urapteryx sciticaudaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Htt. xxv. p. 1480 (18G2).
Pale brassy stramineous : the primaries crossed by two oblique, widely separated, and
slightly converging golden-brownish bands, between which is a narrower and shorter band
of the same colour ; a fourth transverse narrow baud or stripe crosses the disk ; it is, however,
formed, unlike the others, by a combination of fine hair-like grey lines; costa crossed
by slender blackish hair-like lines ; a slender blackish marginal line ; fringe golden brownish :
secondaries crossed by a single very oblique abbreviated central band; a few hair-like grey
lines form a second scarcely perceptible band across the centre of the disk ; a slender blackish
marginal line; fringe orange, with a narrow pale basal line; a pale grey band across the
base of the tail, on which are two oval spots, the anterior one reddish orange, the posterior
one black : abdomen and entire under surface, excepting the fringes of the wings, creamy
whitish. Expanse of wings GO millim.
North India ?
Urapteryx clara. (Plate CXIII. fig. 6.)
Drapteryx clara, Butler, Ann. cy Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 120. n. IS (1S80).
Allied to U. podaliriata : wings white, sericeous, with the fringe red internally and grey
externally: primaries triangular, the costal border crossed by fine black striations ; the
central third of the wing enclosed between two slightly divergent golden-brownish stripes ;
a slender line of the same colour halfway between them at the end of the cell ; a few line
scattered testaceous striae upon the subapical area: secondaries with the submedian vein and
a stripe nearly parallel to it (running straight from the subcostal furca to the first median
branch, and thence curving inwards to the abdominal margin) golden brownish ; a few
scattered striations of the same colour upon the disk and a streak of it above the tail, limited
externally by a grey-and-black line and a dot of the same colours ; tail distinctly shorter and
wider than in U. podaliriata, and with red fringe. Wings below white, more or less cream-
coloured; markings obsolete. Expanse of wings 57 millim.
North-east Himalayas [Lidderdale) .
THINOPTEKYX.— EPIOXE. 5 I
THINOPTERYX, Butler.
Thinopteryx nebulosa. (Plate CXIII. fig. 8.)
Thinopteryx nebulosa, Butler, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. vol. xvii. p. 203. n. I ( L883).
Near to T. delectans of Japan, hut larger; the markings, and especially the external
borders, mottled with orange; the yellow spots on the primaries forming a less distinct band
and less central; there are also two blackish lines across these wings as in T. crocopterata,
but less strongly defined, and the discocellulars are dark; the disk of the secondaries is
always crossed by a more or less defined curved series of orange spots, and the border is
interrupted by a blackish patch extending into the tail. Expanse of wings G9-71 millim.
East India, Silhct.
This species evidently represents T. delectans in India. It was regarded by Kollar as a
variety of T. crocopterata ; it is, however, more nearly allied to T. prcetoraria. Although it
is possible that all three may eventually be proved by breeding to be forms of one sp
there is at present no reason for assuming that such is the case ; all are represented in both
sexes, and can readily be distinguished.
ENNOMIDiE.
Under this family members of several quite distinct groups were associated by Messrs.
Gueuee and Walker. The family is typically represented by genera having the outer margins
of all the wings more or less angulated— by which character alone can the Ennomidae bi
distinguished from the Urapterygidae. Up to the present time, however, a number of genera
of Oxydiidae and CEnochromiidae have been referred indiscriminately to either family, some
to the Urapterygidae and others to the Ennomidae.
EPIONE, Blip.
Epione gynopteridia. (Plate CXIV. fig. 1.)
Epione gynopteridia, Butler, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 123. n. 23 (1880).
Sandy yellow : primaries sparsely striated with ferruginous, and crossed by a slightly
darker central belt bounded by angulated ferruginous lines, which diverge towards the cost a ;
apex (not including the fringe) ferruginous : secondaries with the basal ana sparsely mottled
with grey; a central triangular band of testaceous, partly edged with grey and partly with
ferruginous; apical border and one or two streaks at the anal angle testaceous; a smaii
black dot on the centre of the second median interspace : head and sides of abdomen goldi i
yellow; collar testaceous; antennae brown. Under surface golden yellow: wings mottlei
with ferruginous, and crossed near the middle by a dark ferruginous line bounding internally
a diffused and irregular copper-red belt ; fringe testaceous : primaries crossed near the basi
u 2
52 EXNOMID^I.
by an angulated dark red-brown line: palpi and anterior coxae ochraceous; legs with tbe
tibiae and tarsi testaceous. Expanse of wings 34 millim.
North-east Himalayas (Lidderclale).
Has the general aspect of the genus Gynopteryx.
ENDEOPIA, Guck.
Endropia higens. (Plate CXIV. fig. 2.)
Endropia higens, Butler, Ann. 6,- Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 123. n. 25 (1880).
Olivaceous ; wings transversely striated with whity brown : primaries with two widely
separated angulated olive-brown lines, edged with lilacine white, and diverging towards the
costa ; between these lines an interrupted olive-brown diffused stripe ; an interrupted discal
zigzag lilacine-white line, the sinuations of which are filled here and there internally with
blackish ; one or two lilacine spots on the outer margin ; fringe tipped with lilacine :
secondaries with no inner olive-brown line : head white ; palpi and sides of abdomen orange ;
antennae greyish brown. Under surface deep gamhoge-yellow, the wings sparsely striated
with reddish ferruginous, and crossed by a hroad discal belt of the same colour, limited
internally by a sharply defined plumbaginous and dark ferruginous straight line, externally
sinuated and partially bounded by diffused plumbaginous patches ; fringe as above ; a black
dot at the end of each cell : primaries with an indication of an angular red line at basal third.
Expanse of wings 40 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderclale).
GAR.EUS, Moore.
Garseus cruentatus. (Plate CXIV. fig. 3.)
Garseus cruentatus, Butler, Ann. $■ Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 124. n. 20 (1880).
Closely allied to G. mactans*, but the primaries acuminate and with distinctly sinuated
outer margin, as in G. specularis f ; in colour it is considerably darker, blood-red mottled \\ it It
blackish ; crossed by a blackish discal stripe enclosing a grey line, and with a grey zigzag sub-
marginal line : primaries with an irregularly zigzag subbasal blackish line, followed upon the
costa by two widely separated oblique blackish dashes: secondaries with three or four widely
separated yellow dots; a hyaline white dot near the base of the first median interspace:
thorax greyish brown, rosy at the back; collar grey; abdomen sordid rose-red. Under
surface fuliginous brown, striated with darker brown, and sprinkled with grey scales
* Endropia mactans, Butler, 111. Typ. Lcp. Het. iii. pi. xlviii. fig. 3.
t Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, pi. xxxii. tig. 3.
GAILEUS.— OESOXOBA. 53
(particularly the secondaries); a grey-edged dark brown discal line, and a zigzag grey
submarginal line : secondaries with two or three scattered fulvous dots. Expanse of wings
39 millim.
North-east Himalayas (Lidderdale) .
Garseus costatus, sp. a. (Plate CXIV. fig. 1.)
Curiously like Ellopia in pattern and Plutodes in general coloration. Wings above
rufous-brown, covered with minute pale striations : primaries with the costal and external
borders very irregularly and unequally lemon-yellow ; discoidal cell on the edge of and below
the costal border irroratcd with plumbaginous scales ; a large irregular apical grey patch
bounded on two sides by the yellow borders and between them by a diffused streak of
ferruginous; its upper edge (where it is bounded by the costal border) irroratcd with plum-
baginous scales; an ill-defined brownish streak across its centre: secondaries paler than
primaries, with the apex and apical fringe yellow ; a few marginal subapical plumbaginous
scales: head, collar, and shoulders lemon-yellow; remainder of body above pale brown.
Under surface brownish grey ; with sulphur-yellow borders, as above : primaries with a
narrow oblique blackish streak from the origin of the second median branch to near the
external angle; a nearly transverse blackish subapical band connecting the two yellow
borders : secondaries with a bifid subapical blackish patch, followed by an ill-defined smaller
patch of blackish scales. Expanse of wings 46 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
This beautiful species, although different in pattern from the other known forms of
Gareeus, agrees structually with it.
ORSONOBA, Walk.
Orsonoba pallida. (Plate CXIV. fig. 5.)
Orsonoba pallida, Butler, Ann. ij' Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 125. n. 28 (1880).
Allied to 0. delta, but much smaller, the outer margin of the primaries much less
sinuated, not at all so below the third median branch ; altogether paler, the prevailing colour
being creamy white; costal half of primaries grey, the markings very nearly as in 0. a
all the bands testaceous, the oblique dashes across the costal border of the primaries blackish
browu : secondaries with the hyaline spot at the end of the cell elongated, transverse,
margined with testaceous instead of black. Expanse of wings 48 millim.
North-east Himalayas (Lidderdale).
The true position of the genus Orsonoba must at present remain doubtful ; though its
general resemblance to the females of Hyposidra renders it possible that it has been correctly
placed in the Ennomidae, it nevertheless possesses features characteristic of the Erosiidse
54 ENNOMIDJE.— OXYDTID^.
among the Pseudo-Deltoids and of Hi/data, Amilapis, and such-like genera of Macariidae.
Without a complete study of the whole of the genera in each family, it would he impossible
to arrive at a satisfactory conclusion on this point.
RUMIA, Dup.
Eumia sulplrurea. (Plate CXIV. fig. 6.)
Rumia snlphurea, Butler, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 123. n. 24 (1880).
Primaries above bright sericeous sulphur-yellow, mottled with grey ; the base of costa,
two subbasal bands diverging from one point at the inner margin and (with the costal border)
forming an irregular annulus, the centre of inner border and a discal series of irregular
ill-defined spots decreasing in size from inner border to costa, an irregular rcniform spot, and
a few small ill-defined spots on the costa ferruginous : secondaries paler yellow, with a small
dark-brown diseocellular spot ; a series of small grey dots beyond the middle of the disk,
indistinctly united by a slender undulated line of the same colour; external area, particularly
towards the anal angle, mottled with ferruginous : thorax bright sulphur-yellow; shoulders
and palpi ferruginous ; abdomen paler. Under surface bright sulphur-yellow ; markings
paler than above. Expanse of wings 44 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
OXYDIIVM.
This family differs from the Ennomidas principally in such characters as separate the
hitter from the Urapterygidae j the wings, instead of being angulated, are rounded, and the
apex of the primaries is acute and often projecting beyond the outer margin, rendering the
wings more or less falcate. In these characters the family corresponds closely with the
(Enochromiukc, with which (as well as with the two other groups above mentioned) it lias
been confounded ; but the absence of a radial vein in the secondaries at once distinguishes it
From that family.
LITBADA, Walk.
Litbada sericaria. (Plate CXIII. fig. 7.)
Litbada sericaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Iht. Suppl. v. p. 1571 (1866).
Porta of Oxydia : wings sericeous, with a slender oblique silvery-white line, edged with
brown from apex of primaries to just below the middle of abdominal margin of secondaries j
the ground-colour up to this line greyish testaceous and beyond it yellowish brown:
primaries with a second undulated partly white-edged brownish line across the basal third :
body testaceous, the thorax pale, the abdomen greyish. Wings below transversely and
.METOXYDIA. :,.",
indistinctly striated with grey: primaries up to the oblique line golden brown, beyond it
partly golden brown and partly greyish testaceous, with an oblique whitish band from the
middle of this line to the external angle; internal border whitish : secondaries with tlie line
differently formed from that of the upper surface, oblique to the third median branch, and
thence arched and incurved to the abdominal margin; area up to the line pale greyish
testaceous, beyond it creamy whitish, with an internally diffused subapical undulated grey
stripe and a grey streak at anal angle; fringe golden brown : body below whitish. Expanse
of wings G3 millim.
Silhet.
METOXYDIA, gen. nov.
In form, style of coloration, pattern, neuration of the wings, and size of the body
precisely similar to Oaydia : the structure of the head is, however, entirely different ; it is
larger, with much shorter and thicker palpi; and the antennae, instead of being simple as in
Oxydia, are strongly pectinated from the base for fully two thirds of their length.
Metoxydia calamina. (Plate CXIV. fig. 7.)
Oxydia calamina, Butler, Ann. 4" Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 121. n. 21 (1880).
Stramineous, wings more or less tinted with olivaceous : primaries covered with minute
grey striatums, with three oblique equidistant costal olivaceous dashes, followed by a fourth
rather nearer to the third ; the first of these dashes forms the commencement of an irregular
dusky subbasal line ; an oblique angulated ill-defined blackish line from inner margin, where
it commences in a blackish streak, to apex, where it terminates in a greyish-white furcate
character resembling the letter y ; disk beyond the oblique line clouded with olivaceous, and
marked with a large rounded greyish-white spot and an oblique dash of the same colour ;
external area whitish in the centre ; an ill-defined blackish apical marginal line ; fringe
ferruginous: secondaries speckled with dark grey, crossed near the base by a very ill-defined
zigzag greyish line; disk crossed by a pale-bordered greyish line: head and antennae black ;
abdomen very pale. Wings below golden sandy yellow, speckled with black, crossed by two
black bnes corresponding to those of the upper surface, but sharply defined and bordered
here and there with ferruginous: primaries with the apex grey above the black line; costal
dashes ferruginous, more or less black-speckled; black discocellular dots to all the wings:
legs and venter black-speckled ; knees and tarsi blackish. Expanse of wings 5<J millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
56 OXTDIID..E.
ELLOPIA, Treit.
Ellopia pulchra. (Plate CXIV. fig. 8.)
ELlopia pulchra, Butler, Ann. ij- Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol.vi. p. 124. n. 27 (1880).
Allied to E. formosa, but half as large again and somewhat different in pattern : wings
sericeous grey : primaries with the costal border, including two cuneiform patches of nearly
equal size, the subapical fringe and two spots near the base of the second median interspace
gamboge-yellow; subcostal area, base, and a broad oblique belt (only separated by an
oblique dusky line from the basal area) laky purplish, densely mottled with orange ; a discal
series of three or four purplish-edged orange spots between the second median branch and
the inner margin : secondaries with sericeous-white costal area ; abdominal area mottled
before the middle with laky cupreous ; a tapering, externally diffused, reddish-orange streak
from the abdominal margin to the end of the cell, confluent, at its commencement, with a
broad external border of the same colour, but which gradually breaks up into little reddish
striae as it recedes from the anal angle towards the costa : body laky red ; vertex of head and
antennae sulphur-yellow. Under surface sericeous creamy whitish ; the markings of the
upper surface seen indistinctly through the wings : primaries with sulphur-yellow costa and
ochraceous subapical area ; subapical fringe golden yellow ; rest of fringe and externo-discal
area cupreous : secondaries with the external border cupreous or dull golden. Expanse of
wings 56 millim.
North-east Himalayas (Lidderdale).
OMIZA, Walk.
Omiza pachiaria. (Plate CXIV. figs. 9 & 10.)
Omiza pachiaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Met. xx. p. 217 (1S60).
Wings above bright chrome-yellow, mottled with grey, but much less strongly in the
male than the female; an oblique brown dash at basal third of costa; an acutely elbowed
oblique brownish line across the disk; discocellular spot grey, oval and suffused with
yellow in the male, rounded and with reddish centre in the female ; an apical spot, golden
brown in the male and grey in the female, in both sexes irrorated with pearl-grey scales;
a rounded spot of golden brown near the centre of external area in the male, in the
female replaced by ferruginous mottling which passes into a large patch of this colour, filling
up thi' lower half of the external area; in the female also the basal area is broadly tinted
with ferruginous : secondaries crossed in the middle by a brown line, the upper half of which
in the female is replaced by greyish ferruginous mottling, the external half of the wings in
this sex being also almost entirely filled up with this colour: body pale yellow, more or less
suffused with grey. Wings below bright gamboge-yellow, mottled with bright ochrcous
PIICENIX.— DECETIA. 57
and testaceous in the male and with greyish ferruginous in the female ; the pattern on the
primaries in both sexes and of the secondaries in the female nearly as above, but much
darker and brighter in colour : secondaries in the male with scarcely a trace of the central
line: body below yellow, the posterior half of the venter greyish in the male and bright
ferruginous in the female. Expanse of wings u(i-")7 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale, fyc).
The genus Omiza is interesting from the fact that the females have pectinated antenna'
just as well developed as in the males.
PHffiNIX, Butl.
Phoenix iris. (Plate CXIV. fig. 1 1 .)
Phoenix iris, Butler, Aim. tj- Mag. Nat. Hist. scr. 5, vol. vi. p. 122. n. 22 (1S80).
Purple, sericeous : wings transversely striated with lake-red, and crossed from apex of
primaries to abdominal margin of secondaries by a regular oblique pale-green band enclosing
a sap-green stripe; fringe dull lake-red: secondaries with the costal area pale brick-red:
abdomen with the sides reddish and crossed by a pale yellowish band; head red-brown;
antenna3 with black pectinations. Under surface bright brick-red; wings striated with grej :
fringe brown: primaries with white internal area; an abbreviated and ill-defined oblique
greyish streak from the apex. Expanse of wings 40 millim.
Darjiling {Lidderdale) .
(ENOCIIROMIIDiE.
DECETIA, Walk.
This genus was described by Walker (Cat. Lep. Het. xx. p. 232) as belonging to the
family Ennomidte, the type being D. capetusaria, also described by the same author as a
Drepanodes under the name of D. circulataria ; two other species of Decetia were described
by him under the names Gynopteryx numicusaria and G. subobscurata, anil a fourth as a new
genus — Auzea, with the specific name rufifrontata.
A short time since Herr Buchecker, of Munich, discovered that the species of the genus
Sarcinodes ((Euochromiida;) possessed a radial vein in the secondaries — a character which
proves to be common to the genera of CEnochromiidie, and to them alone (so far as is at
present known) amongst the Geometrites.
As the genus Decetia has a radial vein in the secondaries and corresponds in other
respects with the (Enochromiida;, it has been necessary to remove it to this family.
58 CENOCHEOMIIDJE.
Decetia arenosa. (Plate CXIII. fig. 9.)
Decetia arenosa, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag, Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 121. n. 19 (1880).
Primaries above sandy yellow, densely irrorated with minute grey striations, which,
however, are less numerous upon the centre of the disk, where there seems to be a yellowish
belt tapering towards the costa and enclosing two or three rounded grey spots ; two pale-
edged gravel-reddish parallel oblique lines — the first subbasal, the second central and
extending at its upper extremity almost to the apex : secondaries greyish brown, with darker
striations and four conical dark grey discal spots in a straight line ; costal area dull white ;
a dull gravel-red line across the basal third : thorax sandy greyish ; abdomen of the same
colour in the centre, but with orange sides and anus. Wings below grey, with bright
ochreous borders ; body orange. Expanse of wings 48 millim.
North-east Himalayas (Lidderdale) .
Decetia rufifrontata. (Plate CXIII. fig. 10.)
Auzea rufifrontata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xsv. p. 1487 (1862).
Greyish brown, the wings with numerous slightly darker transverse striations : primaries
crossed obliquely by two nearly parallel dark lake-brown stripes, the inner one slender,
subbasal, edged internally with plumbaginous scales, the outer one a little broader beyond the
middle, both acutely inangled from subcostal vein to costal margin ; a series of more or less
fusiform white spots across the disk just beyond the outer stripe, and an arched subapical
series of smaller white spots ; two brown spots placed obliquely below the middle of the
disk ; a minute blackish dot at the end of the cell ; costal border towards apex bright lake-
brown, enclosing a line of plumbaginous scales : secondaries with the costal half pure white ;
abdominal half crossed before the middle by a straight lake-brown stripe, beyond which are
five short white dashes on and between the veins ; several blackish markings between these
white dashes and the outer margin, the latter black, intersected by a slender white line;
face and palpi bright carmine-red; top of head and thorax pale greyish brown; abdomen
blackish, with testaceous anal tuft. Wings below white : primaries with the basal area
brownish; costal margin and apex reddish ochreous; two parallel grey oblique lines beyond
the middle : secondaries testaceous at the base; an abbreviated grey line from the abdominal
margin to the median vein ; external border brownish, fringe blackish: pectus whitish, the
anterior legs carmine in front ; venter blackish, ochraceous at the sides. Expanse of wings
52 millim.
Darjiling (Hearsay, Lidderdale, tyc).
SAECINODES. 59
SARCINODES, Giicn.
Sarcinodes debitaria. (Plate CXIV. fig. 12.)
Auxima debitaria, Walker, Cat. Lcp. Het. xxv. p. 1527 (1SG2).
Wings above golden testaceous, clouded with grey and rosy brownish ; speckled and
indistinctly striated with blackish; crossed near the base by a dark greyish line, 3-shaped in
the primaries, but straight in the secondaries j a second line, bordered internally with pearl-
white, runs from the apes of the primaries to the external third of inner margin and thenc
across the middle of the secondaries ; a very indistinct and much interrupted external border
of rosy-greyish striae, which only coalesce to form a definite border towards the external angle
of the primaries ; on these wings also there is a blackish dot at the end of the cell: body
whity brown, with the antennae, tegulte, and abdomen slightly rufous. Under surface whity
brown, striated with grey-brown, the wings crossed by two unequally defined bauds and
an equally broad external border of grey and greyish brown; a series of black dots on the
veins between the two bands : venter slightly rufous. Expanse of wings 58 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale, fyc).
Sarcinodes restitutaria. (Plate CXV. figs. 1 & 2.)
Auxima restitutaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxv. p. 1527 (1862).
(J . Bright reddish castaneous glossed with rose-pink, crossed from apex of primaries to
middle of abdominal margin by a brown-edged, silvery line, bounded internally by a band,
which gradually expands towards costa of primaries, of a deeper and brighter tint than the
ground-colour; basal third of the wings paler and more pink than the rest of the ground-
colour, excepting a zigzag stripe beyond the silvery line and a diffused submarginal streak : on
the secondaries the zigzag stripe is dotted here and there with white points, and between
the subcostal branches is partly obscured by a dark grey patch : thorax rufous-brown,
greyish at the back; abdomen sandy testaceous, with the anal segment flesh-coloured.
Under surface of wings sandy testaceous, irrorated with grey and tinted here and there
with pink, crossed near the middle by an oblique mahogany-brown stripe, beyond which
they are more or less deeply tinted with sienna, this colour is, however, deepest towards
the outer margin of the secondaries; a series of black points upon the veins at a short
distance beyond the oblique stripe, and halfway between this series and the outer
margin a series of whitish points also on the veins; fringe mahogany-brown. Primaries
with a sienna-brown spot upon the third median branch, and two unequal blackish costal
spots near the apex. Body below flesh-pink. Expanse of wings 74 millim.
$ . Larger than the male, with all the testaceous and sienna colouring replaced by
pale golden olivaceous and leaden grey. Expanse of wings 77 millim.
Darjiling {Lidderdale, Sfc).
i 2
60 (ENOCIIEOMIIILE.— AMPHIDASID^.
Var. sBgrota. (Plate CXV. figs. 3 & 4.)
c?. Much smaller than the typical form, olivaceous brown instead of reddish castaneous,
and with a much more feeble rosy reflection ; the markings, however, exactly similar. Expanse
of wings G3-72 millim.
$ . Nearly as large as the typical form, but with all the darker parts golden testaceous
and the paler parts whitish. Expanse of wings 75 millim.
Darjiling {Lidderdale).
This form was well represented in Dr. Lidderdale's collection, and was kept separate from
typical S. restilutaria ; there can, however, be little doubt, from the identity of its pattern
with that of Walker's species, that it is at most not more than a seasonal form.
Sarcinodes equilhiearia. (Plate CXV. figs. 5 & G.)
Mergana equilhiearia, Walker, Cat. Lep. Eet. xxi. p. 292. n. 1 ( I860).
Silvery whitish or pink ; wings crossed by parallel oblique and nearly equidistant olivaceous
or red-brown stripes, three across the primaries and two across the secondaries, the third
with a clear gamboge-yellow inner edge ; halfway between the third stripe and the outer
margin is a zigzag olivaceous line, the outer angles of which are filled with a white dot and
terminate in a black point ; the external area (bounded by the third oblique stripe) is, in the
pink variety, tinted with golden brown, and the costal border deep dull red : thorax in front
and head brownish. Under surface of wings with grey- speckled whitish basal area, some-
times tinted with pink, bounded by an oblique brown line; remainder of wing grey, clouded
with yellow and olivaceous, darkest in the pink variety ; a series of blackish dots on the
veins at a short distance beyond the oblique line. Body below whitish or flesh-pink.
Expanse of wings G0-G5 millim.
Silhet and Darjiling.
AMPIIIDASIDJE.
AMPHIDASYS, Treit.
Aniphidasys contectaria. (Plate CXV. fig. 7.)
Amphidasys contectaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Eet. xxvi. p. 1">l".i ( L862).
<? . Sericeous white, minutely striated with testaceous; wings crossed in the middle by
an irregularly sinuated pale ochreous stripe; a sharply defined black stripe angulated on the
lower radial of primaries and the discoidal fold of secondaries, and followed by a belt of pale
ochreous spots ; a marginal series of pale ochreous lunate spots more or less black-speckled
CHOBODNA. ill
on the primaries; these wings are also crossed towards the base by an ochreous belted
externally by a well-defined black stripe, and the costal border is striated with blackish : lace
testaceous, a black stripe between the eves ; antenna: sienna-red, the pectinations tipped with
pencils of whitish hair; collar almost entirely ochreous. Under surface whitish, a black-
speckled ochreous spot at the end of each discoidal cell; other markings obsolescent.
Expanse of wings 76 millim.
Darjiling (Hearsay ty Lidderdale).
CHORODNA, Walk.
Species of this genus were described by Mr. Walker under the three families Ura-
pterygidae, Ennomidae, and Boarmiidse; the genus is, however, nearly allied to llciiwrophila,
and should therefore be placed with the Amphidasidie.
Chorodna inetaplisearia. (Plate CXV. fig. 8.)
Cyclidia nietaphaMria, Walker, Cat. Le/>. lid. xxv. p. 14Sl> (1862).
Erebonioipha semielusaria, Wallcer, I. c. p. 1552 i L862).
Primaries above sericeous greyish white, the base and a very irregular subbasal band
testaceous, the latter bounded by a whitish stripe partly edged externally with black ; an
oval transverse black annulus at the end of the cell; an arched dentate-sinuate central
testaceous line, its lower extremity bounding a large rufous cuneiform patch on the inner
margin, this patch is bounded externally by a sharply defined sigmoidal submarginal line and
is crossed by whitish stme and an oblique, slightly sinuated, partly black-edged, white-elbowed
stripe, which runs across the disk to the costa; external area becoming pure white from about
the middle to the external angle; two or three black marginal dots towards apex : secondaries
greyish brown, striated with grey ; base white; an abbreviated brown stripe from abdominal
margin before the middle; a small cuneiform annular black marking at end of cell; a broad
angulated pale olivaceous belt across the disk, its inner edge bounded by a scries of black
dots on the veins, its outer edge by the external area, which is white excepting at apex ; one
or two nearly marginal black spots: head grey-brown ; thorax cream-coloured, ochraceous in
front ; abdomen grey, with pale ochreous anal tuft. Under surface of primaries white and
grey, with the pattern of the upper surface ill-defined : secondaries with the basal two thirds
grey, irrorated with blackish, the markings of the upper surface indicated in blacki.-h :
external third white. Body below ochreous, legs greyish. Expanse of wings 78 millim.
Darjiling (Hearsay, Lidderdale, &;c.j.
62 AMPHIDASID.E.
Chorodna erebusaria. (Plate CXV. fig. 9.)
Chorodna crebusaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxi. p. 314. n. 1 (I860).
Wings above white, sparsely irrorated with blackish : primaries with a large oblong basi-
costal grey patch with reddish outer border, its extremity bounded by a black-edged white
^-shaped line, which is immediately followed by an irregular black-edged red-brown patch at
the eud of the cell ; an ill-defined, very oblique, elbowed grey stripe beyond the middle,
partly touching a widely sinuous, partly undulated and black-edged white line, which bounds
the external area, the latter striated with grey towards the inner margin, but suffused with
bronzy olivaceous towards apex; an ill-defined submarginal stripe, sinuated and partly
blackish-bordered towards apex, but from near the third median branch to the external
angle nearly straight and partly confluent with a broad, white, external border : secondaries
with the submedian and external areas greyish; a large rounded black spot at the end of the
cell, from which to the middle of the abdominal margin is a slender oblique brown
line ; external area bounded internally by a dentate-sinuate, black-spotted, white stripe ;
a brownish olivaceous, angulatcd, submarginal band, diffused internally ; a marginal series
of curved black lines, that on the discoidal interspace being enlarged into a lunule :
thorax grey ; eyes dull red ; abdomen greyish white. Wings below with the markings greyer
and less defined than above : body below sordid greyish white. Expanse of wings 81 millini.
Darjiliug (Hooker fy IAdd&rdale).
A species exactly intermediate between the two preceding was obtained at Sarawak by
Mr. Wallace.
HEMEROPHILA, Steph.
Hemerophila virescens. (Plate CXVI. fig. 1.)
Hemerophila virescens, Butler, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 126. n. 30 (1880).
Nearest to H. creataria, but the primaries with subangulatcd outer margin; upper
surface pale laky brown, clouded, striped, and spotted with sap-green : wings densely striated
with black; fringe ferruginous; black discoccllular lunules : primaries crossed at basal
third by an irregular angulated green stripe, and at apical third by a green-edged zigzag
black line; a diseal series of subcon fluent green crescents, the six uppermost intersecting an
abbreviated series of large black spots; a black marginal line interrupted at the veins:
secondaries crossed before the middle by an ill-defined black stripe, and beyond the middle by
an irregular series of pale reddish .spots partly defined with black internally ; a diseal series
of elongated black-edged green spots; a marginal series of black lunules: body laky
brown ; head and antennae brown ; back of palpi and collar black ; abdomen mottled with
blackish. Under surface sericeous laky brown: wings indistinctly striated with brown, a
HYPOCIIROMA. 63
dark spot at the end of each cell : primaries with a belt beyond the middle and a patch at
apex formed of cream-coloured striations : secondaries with a creamy apical patch, crossed by
a sinuated brown submarginal line. Expanse of wings 82-80 millini.
Darjiling {Lidderdale).
BOARMIID.E.
HYPOCHROMA, Guen.
Hypochroma crocina. (Plate CXVI. fig. 2.)
Hypochroma croeina, Butler, Ann. $• Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 120. n. .'i2 ( Ls.so).
Primaries above sap-green, more or less clouded with blackish, speckled with black ; the
two ordinary black lines very slender, bordered internally with pale brown, externally with a
slender whitish line, and forming a series of well-defined black spots upon the veins ; a bifid,
white, subapical spot, and a marginal series of black spots : secondaries crocus-yellow ; a
large, rounded, black spot at the end of the cell ; a clavate subapical black streak ; external
border, excepting at apex and a part of subanal area, sap-green, speckled with black, and
traversed by a very indistinct, partially blackish-edged, whitish, dentate-sinuate line ; a
marginal series of elongated black spots : body above sap-green, yellowish in front ; abdomen
with yellow sides. Under surface of wings sericeous crocus-yellow : a large jet-black patch at
the end of each cell, followed in the primaries by an abbreviated white belt ; these wings also
with a black spot below the origin of the first median branch, apex and external area broadly
black, but not so intense as on the two spots, a white patch at apex and another at external
angle : secondaries with the subapical black streak as above; a marginal series of small black
spots ; fringe greenish, spotted with blackish : pectus cream-coloured, yellow at the sides ;
tibiae and tarsi banded with black ; venter crocus-yellow. Expanse of wings 59 millim.
Darjiling {Lidderdale).
Allied to H. leopardinata of Moore.
Hypochroma vigens. (Plate CXVI. fig. 3.)
Hypochroma vigens, Butler, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 127. n. '.i'.i (1880).
Sap-green; wings transversely striated with slender darker lines, fringe tipped with rose-
colour : primaries crossed by the two ordinary black lines, which are very slender and
bordered with reddish on one side and whitish on the other ; discocellulars slenderly black ;
disk beyond the outer undulated black line reddish, crossed by a series of diffused olivaceous
spots, followed by white dots; a white apical patch stained here and there with green; a
slender undulated black marginal line : secondaries with the outer undulated black line as in
04 BOARMIID-E.
the primaries, with reddish internal and white external margins; discocellulars blackish ; a
black undulated marginal line ; an interrupted undulated white submarginal line : centre of
thorax and dorsal abdominal tufts tinted with pink, each tuft placed in the centre of a slender,
blackish, fl- shaped marking. Under surface sericeous creamy white ; wings crossed by a
broad, irregular, yellowish-edged, dark brown discal belt : primaries with a diffused streak
connecting the belt with the outer margin upon the radial interspaces ; an oblique black
discocellular litura. Expanse of wings 52 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
Hypochronia muscicoloraria. (Plate CXVI. fig. 4.)
Hypochroma muscicoloraria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Hct. sxvi. p. 1543 (1802).
Pale pea-grccn : wings crossed beyond the middle by a sinuous dentated darker green
line, commencing with a brownish spot on costa of primaries, these wings also with a second
line just before the basal third ; a dark discocellular lunule and a pale sinuated submarginal
stripe on all the wings: under surface yellowish cream-colour, all the wings with a
black spot at the end of the cell and a broad black-brown discal belt. Expanse of wings
53 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale, SfC.).
The colours ("pale olive-green, whitish beneath ") of Walker's description arc due to
fading : the colouring of the upper surface gradually changes until it becomes ochraceous in
all delicately coloured green Geometrites.
EOARMIA, Treit.
Boarinia phnnalis. (Plate CXVI. fig. 5.)
Boarmia plumalis, Butler, Ann. #■ Mag. Nat. Hint. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 126. n. :!1 (1880).
Whity brown, mottled with smoky brown ; two widely sinuated central black-brown
lines, the outer one dentate-sinuate, and followed by a similar but less defined line or stripe ;
an undulated white submarginal stripe, bounded internally, towards costa of primaries and
anal angle of secondaries, by large blackish spots; a marginal series of black lunulcs :
primaries with a subbasal arched blackish line; two ill-defined parallel blackish stripes at
basal fourth : antennae widely plumose, the pectinations being extremely long and curved
outwards; back of collar and posterior half of abdomen black, anus testaceous. Under
surface whity brown; wings with blackish discocellular lunulcs, a dusky postraedian undu-
lated line, and traces of a dusky submarginal line; front of pectus brownish. Expanse of
h tngs 70 millim.
Parjiling [Lidderdale
OPHTHALMODES. — ELPHOS. 65
When Boarmia is subdivided, as it must be eventually, this species will probably form
the type of a new genus : before breaking up this large group, however, it will be uecessary
to ascertain without doubt which section of the genus shall retain the name Boarmia, a work
requiring no small amount of time and labour.
OPHTHALMODES, Guen.
Ophthalmodes infusaria. (Plate CXVI. fig. 6.)
Ophthalmodcs infusaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xx. p. 448. n. 4 ( 18G0).
Sericeous pale whity brown, densely mottled and banded with olive-green, the pattern
being almost identical with that of O. herbidaria, Guen. ( = diurnaria, Walk.), but with
diffused green instead of black markings on the upper surface, and on the under surface
a much narrower and more angular band across the secondaries, which is also much
further from the outer margin; the whole of the dark markings on the under surface are,
moreover, greyer than in O. herbidaria. Expanse of wings 74 millim.
Silhet (Stainsforth) .
Although from the same locality, this is not likely to be a variety of 0. herbidaria ;
indeed it is far more distinct from it than are 0. exemptaria and O. clararia from Borneo
and Java.
ELPHOS, Guen.
Elplios pardicelata. (Plate CXVI. fig. 7.)
Elphos pardicelata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxvi. p. 1544 (1862).
Nearly allied to E. hymenaria of Silhet, but altogether paler and more evenly coloured
in both sexes, which are also much more alike than in E. hymenaria : wings white, sprinkled
all over with small grey and blackish spots, and banded with pale sandy testaceous and
greyish ; the ordinary markings formed exactly as in E. hymenaria, but none of them quite
black, and most of them ill-defined ; body grey. Under surface very distinct from E. hij-
menaria, creamy white : the primaries sparsely mottled with grey, with a large spot at the end
of the cell, a subapical belt, and a large spot near external angle blackish : secondaries with a
large spot at the end of the cell, an angular subapical patch, a large spot near the middle ot
the outer margin, and another near the anal angle blackish : body below greyish. Expanse
of wings 85 millim.
India (Hearsay).
66 boarmiid^e.
GNOPHOS, Treit.
Gnophos obtectaria. (Plate CXVI. fig. 8.)
Gnophos obtectaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Suppl. v. p. 1507 (1800).
Fuliginous brown : wings with a faint pink shot; numerous transverse striations a little
paler than the ground-eolour ; a slender dentate-sinuate arched black line across the disk,
crossed by au indistinct undulated grey belt, the sinuations of which enclose a submarginal
series of white points: primaries crossed at basal third by a second slender black line. Wings
below dull white, sparsely brown-speckled, with brownish borders and a broad chocolate-
brown discal belt ; a blackish discocellular dash and an arched series of blackish points at
a short distance beyond the cell: body below pale sandy brownish. Expanse of wings
5(i millim.
Darjiliug [Atkinson §• Lidderdale) ; Nepal (Wright).
Gnophos sereus. (Plate CXVI. fig. 9.)
Gnophos aereus, Butler, Ann. Sf May. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 128. n. 34 (1880).
Bronzy green, sprinkled here and there with bluish while and mottled with black : wings
with brown fringes, slightly speckled at the base with bluish white, and traversed by a dark
brown line; a marginal undulated blackish line; a submarginal scries of blackish luuules,
speckled internally with bluish-white scales; the two usual irregularly sinuated blackish lines
indicating the central belt, the inner one obsolete on the secondaries; a blackish spot ou the
discocellulars : primaries with a blackish subbasal liue : abdomen browuish. Wings below
brownish grey, sericeous, with darker discocellular dots, undulated discal line, and diffused
discal belt; apex of each of the wings whitish; a marginal scries of conical blackish spots,
base of fringe whitish: body below pale smoky brown. Expanse of wings 57 millim.
Darjiliug (Lidderdale).
Allied to G. muscosaria.
Gnophos muscosaria. (Plate CXVI. fig. 10.)
Gnophos muscosaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Il<t. Suppl. \. p. L596 ( L866).
Bronze-green, a very irregular band across the disk of the wings, and separating the
central belt from the external border, paler and brighter in colour, pale yellowish, spotted
witli pearl-white internally and reddish olivaceous externally ; a second pale baud near the
ATtGIUAVA. — TANAORIIINUS. 67
base of primaries ; the central belt of the ordinary irregularly sinuated and angular character,
edged on both sides with black, and on the primaries enclosing two blackish sinuated lines
and a black discocellular annulus, sprinkled with pearl-white scales; external border mottled
with black and spotted between the veins with pearl-white scales: abdomen greyish brown.
Under surface scriceons greyish white, crossed beyond the middle by a dentate-sinuate dusky
line; small blackish discocellular spots; a slender marginal line and the tips of the fringe
dark brown: primaries darker than secondaries and mottled with grey. Expanse of wings
51 millim.
Darjiliug {Atkinson £f Lidderdale) .
ARGIDAVA, Walk.
Argidava punctata. (Plate CXVII. fig. 1.)
Argidava punctata, Butler, Ann. <$• Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 128. n. 35 ( 1880).
Sordid white : primaries crossed by six oblique series of black dots, the second series
consisting of four, of which the second is larger and forms the discoidal stigma or disco-
cellular spot; the last series marginal. Under surface creamy white, sericeous; all the
wings with a grey discocellular spot, a dentate-sinuate discal line, and a submarginal series of
indistinct spots ; primaries with a marginal series of blackish dots, with golden-yellow costal
margin and apex : legs and venter pale testaceous. Expanse of wings 30 millim.
Darjiliug (Lidderdale).
Allied to A. maculata.
GEOMETRID.E.
TANAORHINUS, Butl.
Tanaorhinus viridiluteatus. (Plate CXVII. fig. 2.)
Gcometra viridiluteata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Ilet. xxii. p. 5L5. n. 18 (1SG1).
Dull olive-green : wings with a submarginal irregular series of whitish spots : primaries
crossed just before the middle by a rather broad belt outlined in whitish, the margins of this
belt are arched so as to form a large almost oval area from the costa to the median vein, but
from this vein to the inner margin they are crenulated, the upper half of the belt is densely
irrorated with bluish-white scales and encloses a black ;-shaped character at the end of the cell :
secondaries crossed before the middle by a slightly irregular whitish line ; costa white: body above
green, face brownish. Primaries below pale pea-green, with the costa and veins cadmium-
68 * GEOMETMDvE.
yellow : a w edge-shaped patch of pale lilac filling the discoidal area to a little beyond the cell ; a
pale-edged stripe of this colour crossing the disk a little beyond this patch ; a faint indication of
a second wider stripe halfway between the first stripe and the outer margin ami terminating
in a large sienna-red patch at external angle ; a fusiform sienna-reddish apical dash ; fringe
slaty grey tipped with white; internal border white: secondaries bright chrome-yellow, with
broad sienna-reddish external border, suffused internally with lilacine and externally with
yellow ; base of costa and a faintly iudicated line from costa beyond the cell tinted with
lilac; two blachi>h dots at the end of the cell; fringe as in the primaries : body below creamy
white, sides of pectus cadmium-yellow ; palpi brownish. Expausc of wings 56 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale, §c).
T. subignitus, from Borneo, is exactly like this species ou the upper surface, but on
the under surface it differs wholly in colour, though similar in pattern. T. luteoviridatus also
resembles this species above, but on the under surface, though similar in colour, differs in
pattern : it is the Drepana rafflest of Moore, and occurs in Java and Sumatra.
Tanaorhrmis dimissus. (Plate CXVII. fig. 3.)
Geometra diaiissa, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xsii. p. 51G. n. 20 (1861).
Sea-green : primaries crossed by two irregularly deutate-sinuate divergent white lines,
enclosing a black dot at the end of the cell : secondaries with a black dot at the end of
the cell, and a denticulated white stripe crossing the wing just beyond the middle; face
testaceous, top of head white ; thorax green ; abdomen white at the sides. Under surface
of wings pea green, with a black dot at the end of each discoidal cell, and a dark brown line
from near the apex of primaries to the outer third of abdominal margin of secondaries : body
below white, with the front of pectus pea-green. Expanse of wings 59 millim.
North India [Buckley).
There can be very little doubt that this species occurs in Darjiling.
Tanaorhinus reciprocals. (Plate CXVII. fig. 4.)
Geometra reciprocata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxii. p. 51 o. n. 17 (J SGI).
Dull olive-green : wings marked as in the preceding species, but the outer stripe of the
primaries and that of the secondaries followed immediately by a series of whitish lunules ; a
subniarginal scries of white spots is also added: thorax greenish, face ochraceous; top of
head anil abdomen white, the latter tinted with green along the dorsal region. Wings below-
green, palci' than above; differing from T. iliuii.ssiis m pattern, from the fact that there are
two dusky spots at external angle of primaries, and that there is a submarginal series of dusky
spots on the secondaries. Expanse of wings GO millim.
Darjiling [Leadbeater If Lidderdale).
L0X0CH1 LA .— G EOM ETRA. 69
This species chiefly differs from T. confuciaria of China and Japan in the more elegantly
falcate form of its primaries : the colours of all these species as given in Walker's descriptions
arc due to fading.
LOXOCHILA, Bull.
Loxoehila smaragdus. (Plate CXVII. fig. 5.)
Tanaorhinus smaragdus, Butler, Ann. \ Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 128. n. '■>*'< i 1 s80).
Loxoehila smaragdus, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 615.
Bright green, above sea-green, wings with snow-white fringe; a disca] slightly irregular
series of snow-white spots; an olive-green stripe, bordered externally with white, slightly
undulated in the primaries just beyond the middle: primaries with a second angular line,
edged internally with white at basal fourth; an olive-green discocellular dot. Body in the
type ochreous, with the exception of the collai-, a series of lateral spots on the abdomen, and
the anal tuft; two or three dorsal clots and the sides of the abdomen snow-white ; antenna-
with ferruginous pectinations. Wings below pale emerald-green, with an indistinct discal
scries of sap-green spots : primaries also with a straight postmedian stripe of the same
colour; veins white; fringe sap-green tipped with white: body white, yellowish in front.
Expanse of wings 61 millim.
N.E. Himalayas (Lidderdale).
GEOMETRA, Gue'n.
Geometra grata. (Plate CXVII. fig. 6.)
Geometra grata, Butler, Ann. <$• Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 129. n. 87 (1880).
Emerald-green ; wings sparsely striated with golden orange : primaries with the costal
margin pinky whitish, crossed by dark brown strise and dots; two widely separated, inarched,
subparallel golden-orange lines, the inner one distinctly irregular, the outer one very slightly
so ; fringe tipped with white : secondaries with the costal border, abdominal margin, and t he
outer half of the fringe upon the outer margin snow-white; a transverse, diffused, golden-
orange stripe just before the middle : palpi, antennae, and front of collar pinky white ;
abdomen creamy white, greenish at base. Under surface sericeous white, the wings showing
a tint of green, owing to the transparency of their texture; costal border creamy; the
numerous striae of the upper surface indistinctly visible; a curved greyish line just beyond
the middle; minute blackish discocellular dots: pectus green in front. Expanse of wings
46 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
Nearest to G. dentisignata of Moore.
70 GEOMETRID^E.
Geornetra haliaria. ( Plate CXVII. fig. 7.)
Geometra haliaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xsii. p. 51 S. n. 22 (1SG1).
Bright pea-green : wings with numerous indistinct whitish striations, crossed from near
apex of primaries to middle of abdominal margin of secondaries by a slender oblique white
stripe; a minute brown spot at the end of each discoidal cell; fringes white: primaries
crossed at basal fifth by a slender oblique white line, diverging from the discal stripe ; costal
margin white, becoming ochraccous towards the hase : abdomen green at the base, otherwise
white; front of head and palpi golden testaceous ; antennae pure white, expanded and flattened
at the base. Under surface pale pea-green ; the white oblique stripes less distinct than
above ; inner border of primaries and basal area of secondaries whitish, the latter wings with a
second white stripe from abdominal margin just beyond the middle to near apex ; pectus
white behind ; tibia; and tarsi white. Expanse of wings 50 millim.
Darjiliug {Parry §- Lidderduh) .
THALASSODES, Gum.
Thalassodes distinctaria. (Plate CXVII. fig. 8.)
Thalassodes distinctaria. Waller, Cat. Lep. ILt. Suppl. v. p. 1C07 (1800).
Sea-green : wings crossed beyond the middle by a narrow white stripe, slightly angulated
on the secondaries : primaries with a slender slightly irregular arched line across the basal
third; costa whitish: palpi and face testaceous ; a white band between the antennae, which
arc pearly white above and ochraccous below ; abdomen with the third and fourth segments
lilacine, black-speckled. Under surface pearly white. Expanse of wings 33 millim.
North India (Russell).
The >pccics collected by Mr. Russell were from N.E. Bengal.
Thalassodes opalina. (Plate CXVII. fig. !).)
Thalassodes opalina, Butler, Ann. $ May. Sal. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 21 I. n. 38 (IssO).
Wings semitransparcnt, emerald-green, striated all over with white and with opaline
reflections: primaries crossed in the middle by a straight transverse slender white line; a
shorter and less-defined line towards the apex; costal margin yellow, fringe tipped with
yellow: secondaries angulated, a slender angulated while line beyond the middle, sinuated
below the angulation; basal half of the subcostal vein yellow, fringe tipped with yellow:
antennae while at base, golden beyond the base ; body sap-green, white at the sides and
below. Wings below paler than above and immaculate: primaries with cream-coloured
costa. Expanse of wings 12 millim.
Darjiliug [Lidderdale) ; N.W. Provinces (('. Home).
THALERA .—COM] B.ENA. 7 1
Nearly allied to T. depulsata from the Celebes and T. dissita from Canara ; it can readily
be distinguished from the latter by its bright green instead of rufous-brown face. T. dissita
appears to be identical with T. quadraria from Ceylon ; but the two descriptions were placed
under different genera, the former under Geometra, the latter under Thalassodes,
THALERA, Hiibn.
Thalera textilis. (Plate CXVII. fig. 10.)
Thalera textilis, Butler, Ann. de Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 219. n. 46 ( L880).
Bright emerald-green, mottled, particularly on the veins, with pearly white; a sub-
marginal chain-like belt of the same colour enclosing a series of green lunules ; a marginal
series of white and sulphur-yellow diamond-shaped spots, which extend into the fringe;
fringe tipped with grey: primaries with grey-mottled chalky-white costal border; aw lute-
edged green lunule at the end of the cell : secondaries with the basal half of abdominal fringe
white: body mottled with white, abdomen with a dorsal series of white spots. Under surface
white: wings glossy, opaline, veins dead wdiite ; fringe greenish, spotted with testaceous,
tipped with grey : primaries with blackish-speckled white costal border. Expanse of wings
34 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
This species seems allied to T. divapala of Ceylon and the male of T.pieroides from
Australia, both of which were incorrectly referred to the genus Comibeena. The male of
T.pieroides is now known to be the " Thalassodes" scitissimaria of Walker's Catalogue. It
will be interesting to discover the female of T. textilis, in order to see whether, as in the
Australian species, it is entirely different in coloration from the male.
COMIB^NA, Hiibn.
Cornitena partita. (Plate CXVII. fig. 11 .)
Comibama partita, Walker, Cut. Lep. Hit. xxii. p. 573. no. 11 (1861).
Var. Comibasna felioitata, Walker, I.e. p. 570. n. l';i (1861).
Bright grass-green: primaries white at base, crossed just before the basal third by a
slender angular white line; a second more irregular and partly zigzag white line beyond the
middle ; these two lines connected by a longitudinal white line on the interno-median inter-
space; a small white-edged blackish dot at the end of the cell ; disk partly irrorated witli
white and crossed by white veins ; an oval flesh-tinted patch close to external angle, bounded
internally by the discallinc, and externally by an irregularly sinuous submarginal white stripe ;
a brownish spot at external angle; outer margin narrowly white, spotted here and there with
black ; fringe brownish at external angle, and tipped throughout with silvery greyish :
secondaries crossed beyond the middle by a subangulated arched white line, beyond which the
72 GEOMETRIDiE.
veins are white; a submarginal slender white line, only sharply defined on the median
interspaces; apical half of the external area flesh-coloured internally, and dark blood-red
externally, the two colours being separated by the submarginal line ; a pyriform white apical
patch; outer margin beyond the middle narrowly white, and spotted throughout with dark
brown ; fringe coloured to correspond with the colours on the wing next to it : body above
-now-white, the collar grass-green. Under surface pearly white : wings with the veins and
borders snow-white : primaries with the costa, discoidal area, a broad patch beyond the cell,
and some spots at apex grass-green ; black marginal dots as above : secondaries with two
distinct and two indistinct apical spots ; margin spotted with black ; a broad brown patch on
the fringe. Expanse of wings :;<) millim.
India {Milne).
The variety C.felicitata differs only in being 5 millimetres more in expanse of wings, and
in having a narrower area between the posttnedian and submarginal lines on the secondaries ;
it was obtained in Moreton Bay, Australia.
Coniibaena pictipennis. (Plate CXVII. fig. 12.)
Comiba?na pictipennis, Butler, Ann. if May. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 215. n. 40 (1880).
Wings above sap-green, indistinctly striated with pearly white : primaries with the basal
five eighths of the costa yellowish, the remainder snow-white ; an oblique white line across
the basal fourth; a small black dot at the end of the cell ; an oblique, internally sinuated,
externally diffused, tapering, discal, snow-white belt, terminating at the first median branch ;
a slightly undulated submarginal white line ; a slender white marginal line interrupted by black
clots between the veins; fringe tipped with white; a plum-coloured spot with ferruginous inner
margin near the external angle : secondaries with the costal area pearly white ; a large quadrate
subapical patch, the veins at apex, the anal angle, and anal three fifths of abdominal fringe
plum-colour; a small annular marking of the same colour at the end of the cell; a large dull
golden arched band resting on the outer margin, and extending up into the lower radial and
interno-median interspaces; outer margin towards apex plum-coloured, spotted with blackish;
a very slender silvery-white marginal line ; apical fringe plum-coloured, intersected with
white; centre of fringe somewhat golden; anal fringe plum-coloured: front of head laky
brown ; palpi and back of bead greyish; antennas white; collar bright green in front, yellow
behind; tegulse yellow in front, green behind; thorax white in front, yellow in the middle,
green behind; abdomen green towards the l>ase, with white dorsal line, white behind. Under
surface opaline greenish white, with faint indications of the margins of the plum-coloured
spots ; black discoecllular and marginal dots : primaries with bright green costal bonier :
secondaries with rosj fringe. Expanse of wings ."»(i millim.
Dar jiling (IAdderdale) .
In some respect- resembling the preceding species.
CHLOEODES. — AGATHIA. 73
CHLORODES, Gutn.
Chlorodes pastor. (Plate CXVII. fig. 13.)
Chlorodes pastor, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 216. n. 11 (1880).
Einerald-green : wings with stramineous external border, bounded internally by a rosy
submarginal stripe; a ferruginous.inarginal stripe; fringe traversed by an indistinct inter-
rupted ferruginous line; submarginal stripe bounded within upon the primaries by a narrow
white band, and on the secondaries by a stramineous band, both with zigzag inner edge ; a
very irregular angulated white discal stripe, edged with sap-green, ou the primaries uniting
with the white band between the median branches : primaries with a large oblong white
patch, varied with rose-coloured and yellow streaks near the external angle ; costal border
white, spotted with green at the base ; a white-bordered subbasal orange band : secondaries
with the abdominal margin white, spotted with dull red ; fringe white, becoming yellowish
towards the anal angle: vertex of head, antenna?, and probably the abdomen white. Under
surface sericeous white : wings tinted with the green of the upper surface ; costa of primaries
and fringes slightly yellowish, a marginal series of small dark brown spots : secondaries with
several subapical aud subanal brown spots parallel to the outer margin. Expanse of wings
47 millim.
Darjiling [lAdderdale) .
AGATHIA, Guen.
Agathia scutuligera. (Plate CXYIII. fig. 1.)
Agathia scutuligera, Butler, Ann. $■ Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 216. n. 42 (1880).
Wings above emerald-green, fringe pale stramineous, streaked with rose-red at the
extremity of the veins ; a marginal series of diamond-shaped red-edged white spots, bounded
internally by a pale stramineous stripe; costal borders white; a few red dots in an interrupted
series across the basal third : primaries with two dots at the end of the cell, the lower one
black ; external angle broadly pale stramineous, traversed by a sinuous purplish abbreviated
band, and mottled with lake-red : secondaries crossed at external third by a series of red
dots; apex purplish : head in front yellowish, varied with red; back of head and antennae
white; thorax and base of abdomen green; rest of abdomen yellowish, sprinkled with red
and with large red-edged lateral white spots, anal segments white at the sides. I nder
surface white : wings showing a slight greenish tint; fringe as above ; a lake-red marginal
line: primaries with pale yellowish costa; a purplish abbreviated band near the external
74 GEOMETRUm
ancle, as above : legs cream-coloured, anterior femora and tibiae streaked witb rose-red.
Expanse of wings 32 millim.
Darjiling [lAdderdale).
A. scutuligera is very like the Comibmna devexata of Walker, to which it seems to be
allied.
Agathia beata. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 2.)
Agathia beata, Butler, Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 218. n. 45 (18S0).
Brilliant emerald-green : wings with the external area (occupying about a fourth of the
primaries and a third of the secondaries) dull brown, limited internally by an undulated black-
edged grey line ; a large apical green patch almost obliterating the whole of the apical portion
of the brown external area of primaries ; fringe whitish internally, black externally : primaries
with pinky-whitish costal border; a zigzag pale brownish stripe before the middle, com-
mencing in a black subcostal spot; a large brown spot at base: secondaries with the green
apical patch terminating behind in an abbreviated white submarginal streak or line ; a large
subanal green patch, composed of four unequal elongated lunate spots, just beyond the
undulated grey line ; abdominal margin and fringe white towards the base ; a small brown
basal spot : head brown in front ; thorax blackish, the collar, shoulders, and a spot on the
metathorax green; basal segment of abdomen black, with a central green spot, three following
segments green with pale brown borders and blackish dorsal tufts, remaining segments sordid
white. Under surface creamy whitish : wings slightly tinted with green ; external area grey,
paler at the margins, and with the apical patches of the upper surface greenish white :
primaries with an indistinct rosy zigzag stripe before the middle. Expanse of wings 10
millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
Nearest to A. hemithearia of Guenee.
Agathia visenda. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 3.)
Agathia visenda, Butler, Ann. ty Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 218. n. 41 (1880).
Allied to A. carissima, but larger, with longer primaries and distinctly caudate secon-
daries; the external area with much more angular inner edge; the subapieal green patch of
primaries with distinctly zigzag inner edge, and the two spots below it larger and consequently
more distinct, the external angle decidedly redder up to the second median branch ; the costal
border greyish brown, the curved stripe just before the middle of the wing darker and
beginning in an irregularly cruciform subcostal spot : secondaries with the external area
wider and greyer at abdominal margin; the small green spot enlarged and placed further
SYNEGIA.— ANISODES. 75
from the anal angle; the apical marginal green spot almost separated into two very unequal
semicircular spots. Wings below with the external area purplish, showing the green spots of
the upper surface. Expanse of wings 42 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
EPHYMDiE.
SYNEGIA, Guen.
Synegia hifixaria. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 4.)
Caberodes infixaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Eet. xxvi. p. 1513 (1862).
Bright clear ochreous, mottled with sienna-red and sparsely black-speckled : wings
crossed just before the basal third by a slender ferruginous band and before external third
by a broader ferruginous band tinted here and there with slaty greyish ; an irregularly
sinuous submarginal baud, indistinct on the secondaries — these three bands are all acutely
angulated towards the costa of primaries, which is dark and suffused with greyish ; on the
median interspaces are two subconfluent greyish spots, and on the apical area of the
secondaries are two sinuous sienna-red streaks suffused with grey, the outer one being a part
of the fragmentary submarginal band; the area between the first and second bands on these
wings is also suffused with sienna-reddish; a black dot at the extremity of eacli discoidal
cell: thorax and antennae greyish in front. Under surface pale clear ochreous, with slaty-
grey indications of the markings of the upper surface. Expanse of wings 3(5 millim.
Darjiling {Lidderdale, tyc).
Walker quoted the locality of this species as Venezuela; hut it is certain that his type
cannot have come from the New World. It is a not uncommon Darjiling species.
ANISODES, Guen.
Anisodes hyriaria. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 5.)
Anisodes hyriaria, Wall-er, Cat. Lep. Het. Sujppl. v. p. 1017 (1866).
Bright golden ochreous, densely mottled with rosy ferruginous : the wings crossed by
two bands of the latter colour mottled with leaden grey; small silvery white discocellular
spots : head red-brown, with a white band between the antenna? ; front of thorax lilacine
greyish ; back and sides of abdomen whity brown. Under surface pale golden stramineous,
with lilacine-greyish mottling and bands nearly as on the upper surface. Expanse of wings
37 millim.
Darjiling (Russell fy Lidderdale) .
76 EPIIYR1D-E.
Aiiisodes lidderdalii. (Plate CXYIII. fig. 0.)
Anisodcs lidderdalii, Butler, Ann. <J- May. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. ri. p. 220. n. 49 (1SS0).
Ochreous, mottled all over with burnt-sienna red : wings with a black dot at the end of
the cell of each wing, a marginal series of black dots, a dark greyish-brown oblique dash at
apex, a second near the middle of external border, and two or three spots on the inner
margins : primaries crossed beyond the middle by an angulated dark greyish-brown belt,
which widens abruptly above the angulation at second median branch, and is excavated at
its costal termination so as to give it almost a forked appearance : secondaries crossed close
to the base by a dark-brown stripe; a Insinuated, ill-defined, red line just before the middle,
dotted at its extremities with blackish; two parallel, abbreviated, iV-shaped, grey costal lines
near the apex ; a subquadrate discal dark-brown patch across the second median and discoidal
interspaces: antennae whitish, with grey pectinations; a red posterior border on each side
of the collar ; base of abdomen dark brown. Under surface stramineous, with all the
markings of the upper surface, including the mottling, reproduced in grey. Expanse of
wings 32 millim.
Darjiling {ladder dale).
Anisodes punctifera. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 7.)
Anisodes punctifera, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hint. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 220. n. 48 (1880).
Near to A. pardaria from Borneo. Ochreous, mottled all over with blood-red :
primaries with a black subcostal dot near the base, a faintly indicated, oblique, zigzag,
testaceous line, marked with two black dots at basal fourth ; an oblique testaceous dash,
enclosing a black dot, at the end of the cell ; an oblique testaceous belt beyond the middle,
margined externally by black dots, and emitting one internal and two external forks above
the middle : a transverse testaceous dash near the external angle ; a marginal series of black
dots : secondaries pale at the base, crossed near the base by a testaceous abbreviated stripe ;
an interrupted, testaceous, mottled undulated belt just before the middle, margined externally
by a scries of black dots, and limited internally by the black diseocellular dot; a testaceous
discal stripe forking towards the costa ; a marginal series of black dots: antenna; with
grey pectinations. Under surface cream-coloured, crossed by undulated grey lines corre-
sponding with the bands of the upper surface; a black dot at the end of each cell. Expanse
of wings l(i millim.
Darjiling [IAdderdale) .
Anisodes plnristriaria. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 8.)
Anisodes pluristriaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxvi. p. loSl (1862).
Stramineous, in-orated with ferruginous : wings with black-edged silver diseocellular
MYRTETA. — TELDENIA. 77
spots, those of the primaries rather large, these wings crossed obliquely by four or five more
or less regular grey-brown lines and transversely by two discal lines : secondaries crossed by
six lines, the second and fourth irregular, the fifth forked at apex ; these lines also pass
across the abdomen. Under surface pale creamy stramineous, with slender greyish lines
arranged as above, but less numerous. Expanse of wings 40 niillim.
Darjiling (Hearsey §■ Lidderdale).
Somewhat allied to the preceding species.
CABERIDiE.
MYRTETA, Walk.
Myrteta planaria. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 9.)
Myrteta planaria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxiii. p. 831. n. 1 (1861).
White : primaries clouded, especially towards outer margin, with silvery grey, crossed
by three oblique subparallel dark-brown stripes, the first and second a little wider apart than
the second and third ; a dark-grey diffused crenulated submarginal stripe ; outer margin dark
brown : secondaries with the abdominal area slightly greyish, crossed from the median vein
to near the anal angle by two white-edged elbowed brown lines ; an oblique, internally diffused,
golden testaceous tapering band commencing near the anal angle in an oval marginal black
spot; a narrow dark-brown marginal line: abdomen above greyish. Under surface white :
primaries with broad pale greyish-brown external border widest on the costa; markings of
upper surface indistinct : secondaries with a black dot at end of cell, a series across the disk,
and an interrupted greyish submarginal stripe; outer border yellowish. Expanse of wings
44 millim.
Darjiling {Parry &; Lidderdale).
TELDENIA, Moore.
Teldenia vestigiata. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 10.)
Corycia vestigiata, Butler, Ann. <$• Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 222. n. 51 (1SS0).
Snow-white, sericeous : wings crossed beyond the middle by an augulatcd series of
internally brown-edged semicircular or lunate testaceous spots, followed immediately by a
series of indistinct lunate brownish markings ; a second similar but reversed submarginal
series of lunate markings ; a marginal series of minute black dots : frons reddish brow n ;
antennae testaceous. Under surface creamy white, immaculate. Expanse of wings 21 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale).
7^ MACAKITDyE.
MACAEIIDJ3.
MACARIA, Curt.
Macaria metagonaria. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 11.)
Azelina metagonaria. Walker, Cat. Lq>. Het. xxv. p. 1518 (1862).
Wings above testaceous to beyond the middle, mottled and striated with grey-brown ;
costal borders yellow, spotted with black ; a broad brown stripe across the basal third ; a
yellow band beyond the middle intersected by a black stripe, and bounded externally by a
black band ; external area purplish grey, striated with blackish and mottled here and there
with testaceous ; a wedge-shaped brown-bordered yellowish costal patch towards apex of
primaries, and two obliquely placed black spots near centre of disk of secondaries, with an
interrupted black marginal line; fringe dark grey, tipped with ochreous and with a pale
basal line : body above smoky grey; head ochraceous, black-speckled; abdomen testaceous
at the sides. Under surface bright deep ochreous, sparsely speckled with brown, an
irregular brown streak across the basal third; external area of primaries nearly as above;
external area of secondaries almost wholly ochreous, striated with brown ; otherwise nearly
as above, but without the black discal spots : body below ochreous. Expanse of wings
39 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale, fyc).
Macaria xanthonora. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 12.)
Macaria xanthonora, Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. xxiii. p. 935. n. 122 (1801).
(inyisli brown, striated here and there with yellow: wings crossed in the middle by a
tolerably regular yellow-tinted white band, beyond which is a narrow falciform yellow line
only separated from the band (excepting towards costa of primaries) by a black line; a
blackish marginal line; a broad yellow-streaked grey cuneiform costal patch from the central
band to the apex of primaries: secondaries with a large blackish patch in the middle of the
disk just beyond the central band ; a dark brown angular subapical dash. Primaries below
with the basal area, veins, and costa broadly ochreous; central band white, speckled with
dark brown : secondaries ochreous to beyond the middle; external area greyish ; fringe with
a white basal line; a blackish discoecllular spot : body below ochreous. Expanse of wings
40 millim.
North India.
EVARZIA. —PLUTODES. 79
EVARZIA, Walk.
Evarzia indica. (Plate CXVIII. fig. 13.)
Evarzia indica, Butler, Ann. 6f Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 222. n. .".2 ( LSS(i).
Testaceous : wings black- speckled, crossed on the basal half by two subparallel blackish-
mottled yellow lines, the outer one irregularly undulated : primaries with the externa] two
sevenths darker, crossed obliquely from apes to inner margin by a broad dark-brown stripe,
which also crosses the secondaries just beyond the middle, its centre occupied by a sandy-
yellow line; external area beyond tbe stripe greyish brown, marked at external angle with a
black spot on a pale testaceous diffused patch striated with black; margin black ; apical half
of fringe blackish, inferior half testaceous ; a subapical costal red-brown marking formed
of two parallel oblique and slightly curved dashes corresponding in character with the
commencement of the two subbasal lines ; two black costal spots beyond the subapical
dashes : secondaries with a diamond-shaped red-brown spot on second median interspace, and
two or three ill-defined dots pn the subcostal interspaces ; a black marginal line : abdomen
with two dorsal series of black clots. Under surface sandy yellow : wings speckled with
black, crossed before tbe middle by a brown irregular line varied with ferruginous ; a black
dot at the end of each discoidal cell : primaries with a broad brown-edged rust-red band
traversed by an indistinct lunulated brown line, and immediately followed by the smokj
brown external area ; an oval sandy yellow apical costal spot; fringe as above : secondares
crossed by a broad oblique discal belt, smoky brown externally ; a black marginal line.
Expanse of wings 42 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
The genus Evarzia, though nearly allied to Parasemia, Macaria, &c.,was described as a
group of Ennomidaj. The species described under the name of E. maryinata is referable to
the genus Azata, another genus of Macariidse incorrectly placed in the Eunomidie.
FIDONIID^L
PLUTODES, Guen.
Plutodes transniTitata. (Plate CXIX. fig. 1.)
Plutodes transmntata, Walker, Cat. Lep. Eel. xxiii. p. 970. n. 2 (1801-).
Comibama gavisata, Walker, I. c. xxvi. p. 1566 (1802).
Citron-yellow: primaries with a cuneiform basi-internal patch of coffee-red, bordered
with silver, and continuous with a broad triangular patch which occupies the basi-abdominal
two fifths of the secondaries ; a large irregular discal patch of coffee-red, crossed by a
zigzag brown line and edged with plumbaginous : secondaries with a large almost reniform
8 0 FIDONIID.E.
patch of similar character: head yellow; collar white ; anus whitish, rest of body above
reddish. Under surface cream -colour, the discal patches of the upper surface represented
by similar smoky grey patches. Expanse of wings 30 millim.
North India (James).
Both of Walker's types were received in the same collection, which was probably made in
Assam.
Plutodes discigera. (Plate CXIX. fig. 2.)
Plutodes discigera, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 223. n. 53 (1880).
Wings above citron-yellow : primaries with a semicircular basi-internal patch of coffee-
red, bordered with plumbaginous, and continuous with a broad triangular patch which
occupies the basi-abdominal two fifths of the secondaries ; all the wings with a large oval
discal patch of coffee-red, crossed by a zigzag darker red line and bordered with plum-
baginous : body red-brown ; back of head, collar, and anal tuft pale yellow. Under surface
pale creamy yellow, all the wings with a large chocolate-brown oval patch occupying nearly
the whole of the disk : secondaries with pale reddish-brown basi-abdominal area. Expanse of
wings 32 millim.
India.
This species was placed by Walker with P. cyclaria.
Plutodes flavescens. (Plate CXIX. fig. 3.)
Plutodes flavescens, Butler, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 223. n. 54 (1SS0).
Nearly allied to the preceding, but the wings of a lemon-yellow colour, the discal
patches comparatively smaller, more rounded in form, the line across them considerably
more zigzag, forming in the primaries ten, instead of three, angles ; body redder. Expanse
of wings 34 millim.
North-east Himalayas (ladder dale).
Plutodes exquisita. (Plate CXIX. fig. 1.)
Plutodes exquisita, Butler, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 223. n. 55 (1880).
Primaries above sulphur-yellow, with sericeous costal border; outer margin and fringe
citron-yellow; an irregularly quadrate basi-internal rust-red spot with blackish margin;
disk almost wholly occupied by a broad rust-red belt, washed with pinky reddish internally
and ochraceous externally, and traversed by a darker zigzag line, not reaching the costal
margin, but edged at its upper extremity with plumbaginous, bordered internally by two black
lines and externally by a single black line flecked with plumbaginous : secondaries with the
PLUTODES.— PAGRASA. 81
basi-internal and discal areas rusty red, edged externally with black and decked with plum-
baginous; the disk also traversed by a darker zigzag line and bounded internally by two black
lines, which terminate near the anal angle in a black spot, partly bordered internally with
yellow and externally with plumbaginous ; central area occupied by a triangular lemon-yellow
belt; margin and fringe citron-yellow: body reddish; collar pale yellow; antenna: cream-
coloured. Under surface pale creamy yellowish ; the disks of the wings golden brown or
pale clay-reddish, margined and banded with grey; fringes citron-yellow; abdominal border
of secondaries slightly golden: body cream-coloured. Expanse of wings .'SI millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
Plutodes subcaudata. (Plate CXIX. fig. 5.)
Plutodes subcaudata, Butler, Ann. $ Mar/. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 224. n. 56 (1880).
Wings above pale sulphur-yellow, semitransparent, the costal border and fringes rather
darker : primaries with a basi-internal triangular coffee-brown patch bordered with plum-
baginous and black ; disk almost wholly occupied by a broad coffee-brown belt, which,
however, is abruptly narrowed to about one third of the width below the second median
branch ; the belt is traversed by an irregularly zigzag ferruginous line and bordered by a
black-edged silvery line : secondaries with a basi-abdominal belt edged externally with
plumbaginous and black, and a broad irregularly angulated belt, occupying nearly the whole
of the disk, coffee-brown ; the discal belt also bounded on both sides by a black-edged silver
line, and traversed by a zigzag ferruginous line ; external margin strongly angulated, with a
large black spot extending into the fringe at the angle, so as to give it an almost caudate
appearance ; the outer half of the same fringe ochraceous : body brown ; back of head and
collar pale yellow; antennre cream-coloured. Under surface creamy whitish, with yellow
borders to the wings; discal belt formed nearly as above, but greyish brown with faint
cupreous reflections. Expanse of wings 36 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
PAGRASA, Walk.
Pagrasa rufescens. (Plate CXIX. fig. G.)
Pagrasa rufescens, Butler, Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 224. n. 57 (1880).
Pale pinky brown : wings sericeous, inclining to flesh-colour: primaries with two large
widely separated black costal spots; costal area minutely black-speckled; external border
greyish; fringe ferruginous ; two widely divergent oblique orange stripes, the first slender,
from median vein to inner margin, the second crossing the disk from the inner margin
to just above the upper radial vein : secondaries with rosy outer border ; an abbreviated
82 FIDCmiD-E.
submarginal stripe from the anal angle : antennae silvery grey. Primaries below pale golden
brown, subcostal and external areas dull blood-red ; external border lilacine towards apex ;
a blackish costal spot at apical third : secondaries rosy brownish ; an angulated discal
ferruginous line. Body below rosy brownish ; tibiae and tarsi greyish. Expanse of wings
.36 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderda/e) .
Pagrasa histabilata. (Plate CXIX. fig. 7.)
Pagrasa instabilata, Walker, Cat. Lap. Het. sxiv. p. 1086. n. 1 (1802).
Ash-grey, slightly tinted with pink in certain lights; the base of primaries to beyond
the middle of the cell mottled between the veins with black; a broad black oblique band
from the end of the cell to the inner margin, crossed by pale veins and intersected by a
trisinuate pale stripe ; three black costal spots, that nearest to the apex very small ; external
border, excepting at external angle, where there is a collection of black spots, golden testa-
ceous, edged internally with white : secondaries with the abdominal border mottled with
black between the veins and crossed at anal angle by a white curved dash : body grey, banded
with white and regularly spotted with black; front of collar ochreous, tips of tegulae
yellowish. Wings below smoky grey, the apical area, two subcontinent patches on the costa
of primaries, and the body below bright ochreous. Expanse of wings 36 millim.
Silhet, Java, &c.
NOREIA, Walk.
Noreia sericea. (Plate CXIX. fig. 8.)
Noreia sericea, Butler, Ann. §• Mar/. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 2'2'j. n. 58 (1880).
Sericeous pinky brown, the abdomen and basal areas slightly greyish : wings crossed
just beyond the middle of primaries and before the middle of secondaries by an oblique dark
ferruginous line ; a slender irregularly undulated submarginal line of the same colour; a
slender black marginal line; fringe rosy, pale at base: primaries with three semicircular
Ferruginous lines across the cell, and two parallel subbasal sigmoidal lines below it. Under
surface creamy whitish, sericeous; the wings sordid, crossed by two dark greyish-brown
discal lines, the inner one straight, the outer one undulated ; a slender marginal line; fringe
rosy greyish towards the tip. Kxpanse of wings 32 millim.
North-cast Himalayas (Liddrrdalc).
ABRAXAS.— ICTERODES. 83
ZERENID.E.
ABRAXAS, Leach.
Abraxas pusilla. (Plate CXIX. fig. 9.)
Abraxas pusilla, Butler, Ann. $ May. Nat. Hist. sor. 5, vol. vi. p. 225. n. 59 (1SS0).
Allied to A. leopardinata, but only of about two thirds the size: primaries with the
central interrupted band expanded into a broad grey nebula occupying about a third of the
wing; discal series of spots double, more or less confluent, and forking towards the costa;
marginal spots regular and generally confluent : secondaries with both the discal and
marginal series of spots small and regular. Expanse of wings 38 millini.
Darjiling [Lidderdale) , Nepal.
There is no doubt of the distinctness of this little species. A. leopardinata, according to
Walker, was an assemblage of three or four quite distinct species.
ICTEKODES, Butl.
Icterodes conspersa. (Plate CXIX. fig. 10.)
Abraxas conspersa, Butler, Ann. J- Mag. Nat. Hist, ser. •'.. vol. vi. p. 225. n. 60 (1880).
Wings sericeous -white : primaries above spotted and speckled with dark olive-green,
the spots forming five bands — the first basal, indistinct; the second subbasal, formed of three
rounded spots, immediately followed by two larger, almost lunate, spots and a rounded one
on inner margin ; third and fourth each of two closely approximated series, which combine
into one band towards the inner margin; fifth formed of three series — the first of oval
submarginal spots, the second of confluent lunate marginal spots, the third of semicircular
spots on the fringe : secondaries with a discoeellular spot, one or two dots towards base of
abdominal margin, a discal interrupted series of two or three small subcostal and one or
two large abdominal spots ; a submarginal series, a marginal series of elongate spots,
and a series alternating with the latter upon the fringe, all blackish: body ochrcous,
spotted with black. Primaries below with all the markings sericeous grey. Expanse of
wings 62 millim.
Darjiling [Lidderdale) .
Allied to /. lapsariaia, but smaller, the white intervals between the bands of primaries
mottled all over with olive dots, and the central bands of large spots rather more sinuous.
This and the following species, though destitute of the bright yellow colouring of tin- known
forms of Icterodes, correspond in structure with that genus.
m 2
84 ZEREXID.E.
Icterodes consocia. (Plate CXIX. fig. 11.)
Abraxas consocia, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 220. u. 01 (1S80).
Near to the preceding, but considerably larger ; the veins and borders of primaries pale
olivaceous, the spots of the bauds blackish, many of them confluent, and the secondaries
dotted all over with dark grey ; the ordinary spots larger, those of the border confused by
the numerous mottlings between them. Expanse of wings 82 millim.
North-east Himalayas {Lidderdale) .
CALLABRAXAS, But/.
Callabraxas amanda. (Plate CXIX. fig. 12.)
Callabraxas amanda, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. scr. 5, vol. vi. p. 220. n. 02 (18S0).
"Wings above snow-white, sericeous : primaries with the basal half cupreous brown,
crossed towards the base by three grey lines dotted with white on the veins, the third line
undulated in the middle ; a grey-and-white V-shaped marking immediately beyond the cell ;
costa towards apex black ; two subapical spots, oue below the other, close to the costa, three
similar submarginal spots and an apical nebular grey patch; a marginal series of black
spots ; one or two minute grey dots near the external angle : secondaries with the external
border golden ochreous, tapering towards the apex; a submarginal series. of six oval black
spots, the first two subconfluent, and eight marginal spots, of which all, excepting the first
and last, are bifid ; anal half of abdominal margin banded with black : body sordid cream-
colour, spotted with black. Under surface of wings sei'iceous white : primaries with a dusky
streak through the cell, otherwise the basal markings only visible from the transparency of
the wing; a decreasing discal series of eight grey spots and a marginal series of bifid black
spots : secondaries as above, excepting that the submarginal scries of spots is continued to
the costa, two spots being added at the "upper extremity of the series: body sordid cream-
colour, spotted and dotted with black. Expanse of wings 55 millim.
Darjiling {Lidderdale).
VINDUSARA, Moore.
Vindusara nietacliroinata. (Plate CXX. fig. 1.)
Abraxas metachromata, Walker, Cat. Lep. lid. xxiv. p. 1122. n. 17 (1S62).
Primaries above leaden grey; basi-costal area mottled with white ; a broad white belt
just beyond the middle, its margins irregular and spotted with grey, its centre occupied by a
grey baud enclosing a series of subconfluent golden-brown spots ; a white abbreviated band
EREBOMORPHA. 85
near external angle, and a few white striae along the external border; fringe sericeous smoky
brown : secondaries white, grey-speckled at base ; three unequal grey spots before t be middle ;
external border broad, irregularly sinnated, for the most part fulvous and black, but partly grey
and white, more especially the anal half; head and front of collar sordid testaceous; antennae
black, excepting at the base; thorax white; abdomen partly white, but the posterior segments
greyish and ochreous at the sides, anal tuft ochreous. Under surface of wings with the
markings almost wholly grey; otherwise as above: body below ochreous, spotted with
black. Expanse of wings Gl millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale, tyc).
EREBOMORPHA* Walk.
Erebomorpha fulguraria. (Plate CXX. fig. 2.)
Erebomorpha fulguraria, Walker, Cat. Lep. Bet. xxi. p. 405. n. 2 (1860).
Olivaceous brown, densely striated with black; primaries crossed in the middle by two
reversed irregularly arched white bands, which usually unite on the first median branch so as
to produce a large }|-shaped character ; immediately beyond these bands is a third curved
white band from the apex to the first median branch, continued, by the addition of a transverse
orange dash, almost to the submedian vein ; a pale, widely undulated submargina] line ; a
white spot on the middle of the fringe: secondaries crossed near the base by a white band,
which curves outwards on the subcostal area, and almost joins an arched white post median
baud ; centre of disk irregularly golden brown, without black striations ; a slender white stripe
partly tinted with yellow, and bordered externally with orange, from the extremity of the first
subcostal branch to the abdominal margin just below the postmedian vein ; immediately
beyond this stripe a series of subcontinent whitish-edged black hastate spots, their points
directed outwards; fringe white between the costal and subcostal, and between the second and
third median veins ; a series of marginal lunate black spots : vertex of head and front of collar
pale sandy brown ; antennae with sienna-red pectinations ; base of abdomen crossed by a white
band. Under surface dark sericeous grey-brown ; the basal area mottled with white : primaries
with the J|-shaped character wider and more irregular than above; a white apical spot, and
a white spot on the fringe : secondaries with a broad subcostal white band continent with a
broad, brown-spotted, angular, white submedian band ; two white marginal patches : body
below ochreous ; a longitudinal blackish ventral stripe. Expanse of wings 90 millim.
North India, Darjiling (Lidderdale, §"c).
* This genus was referred by its author to the Ennomidce ; it is, however, evidently allied to the
preceding genus.
86 LAKENTIIDyE.
LARENTIIDJE.
SAURIS, Gu<k.
Sauris ignobilis. (Plate CXX. fig. 3.)
Sauris ignobilis, Butler, Ann. cf- Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 227. n. 64 (1S80).
£ . Pale sandy brown : primaries crossed by numerous an gulated wavy blackish lines;
the basal area, a central angulatcd belt (most distinct towards the costa above the angulation),
and a broad subquadratc apical patch, only separated by a slender black line from the
external border, which is or the same colour, creamy whitish. Under surface sericeous,
sordid whitish. Expanse of wings 31 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale).
LYGRANOA, Butl.
Lygranoa cinerea. (Plate CXX. fig. 4.)
Lygranoa cinerea, Butler, Ann. $- Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 228. n. 65 (1880).
Primaries above sericeous grey, crossed in the middle by two parallel subangulatcd
yellow stripes, the inner one spotted with black on the costa, and the outer one enclosing a
black line at costa and a black dot just above the angulation ; costal margin minutely black-
speckled : secondaries sandy whitish: thorax grey; abdomen sandy whitish. Primaries
below greyish, with the apical area and costal border golden : secondaries sandy whitish,
minutely speckled with grey; costal border slightly golden: body below whitish, palpi
golden. Expanse of wings 20-22 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale) .
DOCIKAVA, Walk.
Docirava aequilineata. (Plate CXX. fig. 5.)
Docirava aequilineata, Walker, Cat. L<p. Het. xxvi. p. 1635 (1S62).
Primaries above greyish brown, crossed by two oblique ochrcous stripes, the first at
basal two filths, the second from apex to outer third of inner margin ; between these two
bands there is a prominent black discocellular spot : secondaries whitish, the external area
tinted with golden brownish: thorax greyish; abdomen whitish at the sides. Primaries
below grey, tinted with pink towards outer margin ; the inner stripe very indistinct, the
outer one expanded and bright ochreous towards the apex : secondaries greyish towards the
base, yellowish on the external half, the whole surface reticulated or striated with rose-colour
DOCIRAVA.— CIDAHI \. 87
and minutely black-speckled; the division between the basal and external areas clearly
visible as an arched line; a black discocellular dot: body below flesh-coloured. Kxpansc
of wings 38 millim.
North India.
Docirava medmaria. (Plate CXX. fig. 6.)
Orsonoba? medmaria, Walker, <'<tt. Lep. I let. xxvi. p. 1521 (lbfil').
Eubolia reciprooa, Walker, I.e. Swppl. v. p. 1698 ( L866).
Primaries deep chocolate-brown at tbe base, followed by a triangulated white-edged
sienna-red band ; this band and the basal area are divided by a central longitudinal wbity-
brown streak; central area blackish, with a whity-brown band through the middle from
costa to inner margin; a cuneiform costal whity-brown patch, its point extending to the
apex; a Insinuated sienna-red submarginal band separated from the central area by a slender
white line; external border pale greyish brown: secondaries creamy white: body above
whitish grey-brown. Under surface pale sandy reddish: primaries with the interno-median
area pale silvery greyish; fringe grey: secondai'ies irrorated with black scales; a blackish
litura at the end of the cell and a faintly indicated angular postmedian line : body below
tinted with pink. Expanse of wings 43 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdale, fyc).
The genus Docirava is placed by Walker near to Eubolia. It more nearly resembles
Anaitis in pattern, but the comparatively small secondaries indicate a stronger affinity to the
Lobojihoru group of genera.
CIDARIA, Treit.
Cidaria flssisignis. (Plate CXX. fig. 7.)
Cidaria fissisignis, Butler, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 228. n. 66 ( 1880).
Nearest to C. mactata of Felder. Primaries above pale sericeous pinky brown, adorned
with large white-bordered black-brown patches and spots in six series as follows : — two spots
at the base, two partly divided and larger near the base, a 7-shaped series just before the
middle ; the fourth series consists of a large quadrate costal patch, behind and below which run
four small spots in a curved oblique line, and below that again a large cloven patch from
above the median vein to near the inner margin; the fifth (or discal) series begins upon the
costa in a large spot, and is continued, by small spots at intervals upon a sinuated brown
line, to the inner margin; the last series represents a moderately wide external border.
interrupted in three places and divided by pale veins into more or less quadrate spots
secondaries sericeous white, slightly tinted with brown towards the abdominal and external
borders, the disk crossed from the abdominal margin to the middle by two irregular dusky
88 LAEENTIID^E.
lines; external border dusky; a marginal series of black geminated dots; fringe pale
stramineous, intersected by a dusky line : thorax dark brown, longitudinally striped with
grey on each side ; abdomen grey. Under surface pale sericeous greyish brown ; wings with
blackish discoccllular liturte; a pale-edged dentate and crinkled blackish hue just beyond the
middle. Expanse of wings 42 millim.
Darjiling (Lidderdalc) .
Cidaria delecta. (Plate CXX. fig. 8.)
Cidaria delecta, Butler, Ann. $■ Mag. Nat. Eist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 22i). n. 67 (1SS0).
Intermediate in character between C. interplagala and C. mactata. Primaries above
black-brown; basal fourth limited hy a pale yellowish-white line, which emits a fork^
obliquely backwards towards the inner margin, and two nearly longitudinal streaks forwards
to join a double stripe of the same colour, which runs obliquely through the centre of the
wing; the inner line of the central stripe curves forwards and upwards from the first median
branch so as to enclose a large partly cleft patch of the ground-colour, which crosses the
end of the cell from the costal margin ; the latter is also crossed by two indistinct whitish
lines, and is partially enclosed by a pale brassy yellow line close to the whitish one, and
running across the disk ; a slender dentate-sinuate whitish discal line, followed below the
third median branch by a gravel-brown stripe; a widely bisinuated submarginal whitish
stripe; a nearly marginal slender whitish line; veins externally whitish or yellow ; a slender
indistinct whitish annular line near the middle. of the inner border; fringe with a testaceous
basal line : secondaries nearly as in the allied species : body whitish ; teguke and sides of
abdomen brown. Primaries below altogether greyer than above, brassy towards the apex,
the markings less prominent: secondaries pale brassy yellow, minutely black-speckled;
discoccllular spot black and prominent; two curved dusky lines and an indistinct discal
streak dotted with brown : body below yellowish. Expanse of wings 38 millim.
North-east Himalayas (Lidderdale).
Cidaria relata. (Plate CXX. fig. 9.)
Cidaria relata, Butler, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 229. n. 08 (1880).
Allied to C. silaceata, melancholica, and subslituta. Primaries dark brown, crossed by
four pale stripes — the first three pinky whitish and enclosing In-own lines, the first subbasal,
arched, the second and third crossing one another so as to form a large s -shaped figure, which
covers more than a third of the wing, the fourth biangulated, white, submarginal; several
pale annular markings in the centres of the patches enclosed by the pale stripes: secondaries
sericeous greyish white; anal half of abdominal border handed alternately with blackish and
white; outer margin brownish: body pale bronzy brown, indistinctly banded with white.
CiBABIA. 89
Primaries below greyish, with faint indications of the markings of the upper surface:
secondaries whitish ; a discocellular spot, an . Y-shaped marking on abdominal border, and a
dentate-sinuate submarginal line dusky: body below whitish, legs testaceous j anterior tibiae
indistinctly banded with brown. Expanse of wings 34 millim.
North-east Himalayas [Lidderdale) .
Cidaria aurigena. (Plate ('XX. fig. 10.)
Cidaria aurigena, Butler, Ann. \ Mil*/. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 230. n. GO (18s0).
Allied to C. inexlricata and cerosa : the primaries much more golden than either, the
dark-brown markings being confined to the base, costal border, the large patch which croi sea
the end of the cell and which is acutely angulatcd, and to the apex; all the other spots
which are brown in C. inexlricata , and partly so in C. cerosa, arc of a brassy golden colour in
this species : secondaries with scarcely a trace of the white distal stripes : body pale brassy
yellowish ; thorax greenish in the centre, with a brown longitudinal dorsal stripe. Under
surface brassy yellow, with greyish lines, as in C. inexlricata. Expanse of wings 27 millim.
North-east Himalayas {Lidderdale).
Apart from difference of pattern and coloration, this species measures about half an inch
less in expanse of wings than C. inexlricata ; the latter differs from C. cerosa in having ten
instead of eight yellow lines and stripes across the costal half of the primaries, and in the
dark brown spots on the border near the external angle.
Cidaria aliena. (Plate CXX. fig. 11.)
Cidaria aliena, Butter, Ann. $• Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. vi. p. 230. n. 70 (1880).
Nearly allied to C. aurata, of the C. corylata group. Primaries black-brown, crossed at
basal third and again on the disk near the outer margin by two widely diverging ochreous
bands, touched here and there with ferruginous, and bordered by tolerably regularly dentate-
sinuate white lines; a cuneiform costal apical spot and a small spot near the centre of
external border of the same ochreous colour, but not white-bordered ; outer border towards
the external angle almost wholly ferruginous; a marginal series of slender white lunules :
fringe ochreous, spotted with blackish : secondaries white, tinted, especially towards the outer
margin, with golden yellow ; fringe ochreous : body white, spotted with yellow and dark
brown alternately. Primaries below altogether paler than above: secondaries white, speckled
with dark brown, and crossed in the middle by two parallel irregularly arched dark-brown
lines; a blackish discocellular spot; indications of a dark brown submarginal line; veins
almost wholly yellow: legs brownish. Expanse of wings 31 millim.
Bhotan [Lidderdale) .
LEP HET PI CI.
R Mi^lerr^ del et KtK
1,2. Lebeda repanda 5. Scopelodes tesLacest.
3,4 Suana.bima.cula.ta 6 Scopelodes sericea.
7,8. Scopelodes ursma .
Mintern Bros. imp.
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1 Pho co derma velutma. 5. Par^asa repanda. 9. Par>asa pastoralis
2 Miresa bracteata 6. Neomiresa Rerbifera . 10. Natada rufescens.
3 Miresa decedens. 7. Cam a sericea. 11. Parasa bice
4 Susica pallida . 8 ApKendala transversata 12 IchtKyura argentea
st . pi . cm.
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P '•'■ n del el I't-i.
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1 . Phalei ■. . i . . ■ Phalera sangana .
2.PKalepa p..' . i Phalera stigmigera
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4. Zana ligni 7 Somera viridifusca 10
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1. Auzatasemipavonaria . 4 Macro cilix. mysticata. 7 . Harpyia liturata.
2.Agmdra usta . 5 . Pnsmosticta fenestrata 8. Orsonoba torpida.
3.Drepanaspecularis 6 . Olene lanceolata . 9 Tarsolepis fulgunfera .
10. Damata longipenms
LEP.HET. PI . CVII.
R Mintern. del et UtK
1 Lophopteryx. saturat.a .
2Calpe orthogpapta .
3. Cyphanta xanthochlora. .
4.0raesia emargmata .
£ . Gadera mcitans.
6,7. Dabanta subtihs
8. Sybrida inordinata.
3 . Zer.zera Dusilla.
10 Zenzera conferta
M*X\L* -
LEP.HET.Pl.CVm.
\>J ^'XjI
R Mirttem del et litk
Mint«im Broa .
1,2. Zenzera leuconota 4,5 . HepiaKis marcidus .
3.Duormtus ligneus 6,7 Hepialus pauperaLus
HET . PI
« •-,
"> , '• ft
9
v T ^
R Mintertt del et "litt-
Mirvt-p-
1 . Phassus aboe .
2 Phassus sigmfer
3 Phassus daraor
4 Thyatira florens. eucania :ra
5 Thyatira florescens. 8.P; fecta.
6. Leucama decisis si ma. 9
LEP HET PI CXI
m i m
R Mirvtern del et lil h
] Catocala sponsalis. 4. Sypna caelisparsa. 7. Sypna tenebrosa
2. Sypna mormoides 5 Sypna pulchra. 8 Sypna.
3 Sypna umbrosa . 6. Sypna apicalis. 5 Sypna obs
LEP. HET.P.
M.Hox-m.&j-i-Fisker <iel et litK
8
Mint*
1. Sypna albihnea 4. Nyctipao glaucopis. 7. Amphigonia comprimens .
2. Sypna moorei 5. Ophiusa conficiens 8.Thermesia creberrima .
3. Nyctipao exterior. 6 Ophiusa properata. 9 Erosia himala .
LEP. HET. PI . CXIIJ.
>
1.
^
1/
vSi'
id
M Horma-rv-FisKer del et litk
1. Celerena divisa.
2. Euschema proba. .
3 . PaneetKia in di col op.
4Urapteryx primulans
5. Urapteryx sciticaudaraa .
6 . Urapteryx clara .
7 Litbada sencaria
8 . Thinopteryx nebulosa
9 . Decetia arenosa.
10. Decetia rufifrontata
LEP HET.
3.
10
5.
M.Horman.-Fis'ker del et litk .
12
l.Epione gynoptendia. 4. Garasus costatus. 7. Metoxydia calarrana
2.Endropia lugens 5 . Orsonoba pallida. 8.Ellopia pulchr .
3 . Garaeus cruentatus . 6 . Rumia sulphurea 10 Omiza pachi;'
ll.Pkaenix ins . 12 Sarcinodes debitaria
■
*.
M Hormaxi-Fiskpi' -del et, litL.
1,2 . Sarcinodes restitutaria .
3,4 Id.var. .aegrola.
5,6 . Sarcinodes aequilmearia
7 . Am phi dasys c ont e cL aria .
8 . Chorodna metaphsearia. .
9 Chorodna erebusaria .
m
R "IvhrLl.er-r. 'IlI et "litK .
1 Hemerophilavrresceru
2. Hyp or/ ■ •
3. Hypochr-t 't; uvigei Q>. Op] •
10. [
H
/
1 .fe\;
8
M. Horman-KsW del et lith .
■ ' . \,/ ■ .
L1J
# ' J
frf.-i. .
I . At ■- > i : ' i ' " I 1 1 a
2 . Ta.naorhin.us viridiluteatus .
3. Tanaorhmus dmussus
4Tan.aorhm.us reciprocatus
5 . Loxo ehila. smaragda
6. Geometra giv.
■eometra h?>
8 Thalassodes distinct
9 Thalassodes opalma .
10 Thalera texUlis.
11 .Comibaena partita..
12 Comibaena pictipennis
13 . Chlorodes pastor .
\V
••
\^
* ■
■
.
*^
px
FisKer id
13
I
6.
.
8
■ Evarzia indica .
1
1^ 0
10
ty ^ 0
w
ji
«Mv
?v5' | ^
>J&
.•••<• I *•■•;
M 11„
Fi«Kei" , del ei ht i
1 Plutodes transitu: . .
2. Plutodes discigera..
3. Plutodes flavescens.
4. Plutodes exquisita. •
5 Pluto des sub caudal a
6. Pagrasa rufescc .
7. Pagrasa. stal •
8 Noreia. a
9. Abraxas pusi
10 fcterodes conspc
11. Icterode:
. . nraxos
it #11 ft
W0
^f
•.w
10
%+40
■
•
R.Mmtern tiel etlitii
1. Vindijisara inetachromata. 4 . Lygranoa ciner
2. Erebomorpha Pulguraria.. 5. E . ' i >Jta. I
3 Sauns ignobilis . G. Dociravamedmai^a.
Cidaria aungena.
0
Lt i s is
Illustrations o
pt. specimens er-
:ed
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